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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are esters formed from? |
Condensation reaction between alcohols and carboxylic acids |
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What is the name of the ester ethanol and propanoic acid would form? |
Ethyl propanoate |
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What alcohol and carboxylic acid formed butyl ethanoate? |
Butanol and ethanoic acid |
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What is a condensation reaction? |
When molecules are joined together with the elimination of a smaller molecule, often times water |
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What catalyst is used when preparing esters? |
Concentrated sulfur acid |
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Describe the experiment that produces esters |
Test tube with the alcohol + carboxylic acid + conc. sulfuric acid in a water bath with condenser (wet paper towel) around top of test tube |
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What are the signs that an ester has been made? |
Oil layer in test tube, pleasant smell |
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How can an ester be broken down into the alcohol and carboxylic acid? |
Through the hydrolysis of the ester |
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Describe a hydrolysis reaction |
A molecule reacts with water breaking down into smaller molecules |
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What can fats and oils be described as? |
Esters |
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How are fats and oil formed? |
From the condensation of glycerol and 3 fatty acids (carboxylic acid molecules) |
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What is the systematic name for glycerol? |
Propane- 1,2,3- triol |
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Why do fats have lower melting points than oils? |
Fat molecules are more saturated than oils which are unsaturated. Fats are capable of close packing, whilst the carbon to carbon bond in oils does not allow close packing of the molecules. Fats molecules pack close together and therefore have stronger van der Waals forces and more energy is needed to overcome them |
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How can oils be converted into fats? |
Hydrogenation - addition of hydrogen, reduces degree of unsaturation |
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Why are fats and oils important for the body? |
They are concentrated sources of energy
They are essential for the transport of fat soluble vitamins |
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What is an ester link? |
-COO- |
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What are the uses of esters? |
Flavourings |
