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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Are carboxylic acids soluble in water? |
Yes because they can form hydrogen bonds with water |
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What is the trend between the length of carboxylic acid and solubility? |
As chain length increases, solubility decreases |
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Acid + Base (alkali) ——> _____ |
Salt + Water |
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Acid + Metal ——> _____ |
Salt + Hydrogen gas |
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Acid + Carbonate ——> _____ |
Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water |
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Define a salt |
A compound where the H+ ions of the metal have been replaced by a metal ion or ammonium ion |
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Acid + Alcohol ——> _____ + _____ What is the catalyst used? |
Ester + Water Catalyst is concentrated HCl |
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Define an acid anhydride |
A molecule formed when two molecules of a carboxylic acid joined together with the elimination of water |
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Acid anhydride + alcohol ——> _____ + _____ |
Ester + molecule of the carboxylic acid from the anhydride |
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What are the two methods for the hydrolysis of esters? |
1. Hot aqueous acid 2. Hot aqueous alkali |
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What method is preferred for the hydrolysis of esters? |
Hot aqueous alkali as it is irreversible and gives the highest yield |
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Define an acylchloride |
Molecules where the OH group in a carboxylic acid has been replaced by a chloride atom |
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How are acylchlorides formed? |
The reaction of a carboxylic acid with the thionyl chloride (SOCl2) |
