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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Health Indicator |
A marker of health status, service, provision, or resource availability |
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Identifying Health Status of Populations |
Indices |
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Validity |
Ability to measure true
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Reliability |
Ability to recreate |
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HIPAA |
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
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U.S Vital Statistics Registration |
Legal authority for the registration of births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and fetal deaths |
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Causes of Death |
1. Degeneration of vital organs 2. disease states 3. Society or environment
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Direct method of standardization |
Compensates for age distributions when looking at YPPL |
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Miasma theory of disease |
Idea that disease arose from foul emanations from polluted air |
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Factors in causation |
1. Predisposing 2. Reinforcing 3. Enabling 4. Precipitating |
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PREDISPOSING |
Factors or conditions already present in a host that produce enhanced susceptibility to a disease or condition without actually causing it ex: age, immune states (proximal) |
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Reinforcing Factors |
Factors that help aggravate and perpetuate behaviors, disease, conditions, disability, or death (distal) |
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Enabling Factors |
Favor disease development. ex: services, living conditions, programs, societal supports, skills, and resources that facilitate a health outcomes occurrence (distal) |
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Precipitating Factors |
Essential to the development of diseases, conditions, injuries, disabilities, and death ex: exposure to an infectious agent (proximal) |
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Probable model for chronic disease |
neither sufficient or necessary |
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Attributable Fraction |
Proportion of disease among those exposed that is due to that exposure |
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Association |
Identifiable relation between exposure and disease |
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Cause |
An agent or exposure that brings about an even such as disease or other health outcome. We cannot prove cause. |
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Hill's Postulates |
1. Strength of Association 2. Consistency of Observed Association 3. Specificity 4. Temporality - only essential criteria (exposure precedes disease 5. Biological Gradient - Greater the exposure the greater the chance of disease, as exposure declines so does risk 6. Biological Plausibility- there is a biologic mechanism to explain why exposure causes the disease 7. Coherence - The findings don't conflict with known facts about the history and biology of disease 8. Experiment - controlled experiments provide support for causation 9. Analogy - other cause - effect relationships exist |
