Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
metabolism |
all of an organism's chemical reactions |
|
|
metabolic |
begins with a specific reactant and ends with a specific product |
|
|
catabolic pathway |
releases energy by breaking down complex compounds into simpler ones |
|
|
anabolic pathway |
consumes energy to construct complex molecules from simpler ones |
|
|
free energy |
the energy that can do work when temperature and pressure are uniform |
|
|
all cell does three types of work: |
chemical - building transport - active mechanical - cilia/contractions |
|
|
ATP |
-bonds are broken by hydrolysis -and energy comes from a change to a lower state of free energy -regenerated by a catabolic reaction |
|
|
Enzymes: |
Biological (protein) enzyme |
|
|
catalyst |
speeds up a reaction without being consumed |
|
|
Activation energy |
Energy required when starting a reaction |
|
|
things that can affect enzyme activity |
- Ph - Cocentration of the substrate -temperature |
|
|
When enzymes no longer function they are said to be: |
Denatured |
|
|
Prions: |
infectious proteins that act slowly |
|
|
Cofactors: |
non-protein enzyme helpers (vitamins/metals) |
|
|
Competitive enzyme inhibitor |
binds to the active site and COMPETES with the substrate |
|
|
Non-competitive enzyme inhibitors |
Binds to a section of the enzyme and reshapes the enzyme |
|
|
The binding of an inhibitor: |
Stabilizes the inactive form of an enzyme |
|
|
The binding of an Activator: |
stabilizes the active form of an enzyme |
|
|
Cooperatively binding by a substrate to one activation site: |
Stabilizes favorable changes that amplify an enzyme's activity |
|
|
Protein function at one site is affected by: |
the regulatory molecule at a separate site Think hemoglobin |
|
|
Allosteric regulation of enzymes |
Similar to non-competitive inhibitors |
|
|
Exergonic reaction |
Catabolic reaction |
|
|
Endergonic reaction |
anabolic reaction |
