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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a boreal forest?
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Forests of high altitudes and steep slopes.
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What is a young forest?
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Results from disturbance or land-use change, range in age from 0-10 yrs
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What is a middle aged forest?
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trees of small diameter from 10-70 yrs, understory becomes more scarce, middle story produces more mast
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What is a mature forest?
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large diameter trees and diverse understory
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What are snags?
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standing dead or partially dead trees
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What are cavity trees or den trees?
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Live trees that have at least one nesting site.
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What is succession (biotic change)?
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the gradual and fairly predictable change of species that occupy and alter a site over time
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What is primary succession?
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An ecological succession that begins in an area where no life is present.
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What are primary species?
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in primary succession, the lichens and mosses that first colonize the site
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What are common animals in primary succession?
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seed eating birds and snakes
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What is a climax community (mature communitiy)?
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a relatively stable, long-lasting community reached in ecological sucession, usually determined by climate and soil type
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What is secondary succession?
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The pattern of change in an ecosystem where a community has previously existed (soil remains in place).
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What is an ecotone?
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An area where two ecosystems in different stages of succession meet.
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What is the edge effect?
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The greater variety of wildlife and greater population density found in an ecotone.
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What is ecology?
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the study of how living things interact with each other and with their nonliving environment
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What is the biotic portion of the forest?
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The trees, shrubs, wildflowers, ferns, other plants, fugi, mammals, birds, etc.
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What are producers?
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green plants that make their own food using the sun as the energy source
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What are consumers?
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animals that eat plants or other animals
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What are decomposers?
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break down the plant and animal matter to be nutrients essential for plant and animal growth
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What is symbiosis?
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A close association between different species usually over an extended period of time
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What is parasitism?
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A relationship between two species or organisms where one is hurt and one benefits from the relationship
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What is mutualism?
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A relationship between two species where both benefit from the relationship.
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What is commensalism?
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a relationship between two species where one benfits but the other one does not benefit nor is harmed
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What is hard mast?
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nuts and acorns
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What is biodiversity?
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Large variety of plant and animal species
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What are microecosystems?
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small areas that are part of a larger system with their own set of complex interactions occurring within them
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What is the abiotic portion of the forest ecosystem?
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the air, water, soil, sunlight, climate, and essential nutrients
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What is the photoperiod?
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day length
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What is respiration?
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the sugar made during photosynthesis is broken down with the use of oxygen to prduce energy, carbon dioxide, and water
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What are the six nutrients commonly recognized as necessary for life?
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C, H, O, Nitrogen, Phosphors, and Sulfur
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