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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intro
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Belongs to the indo-european family - the most widely spoken group of languages in the world. Germanic language
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500BC
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Celts invaded England, began to pick up Celtic words e.g. Bin, crag, combe
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43-410 AD
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Romans invaded Britain, they spoke Latin. They influenced British place names with Latin
Eg Duoverum -> Dover |
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500-800
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Old english begins
Anglos Saxons and Jutes invade from Europe Latin is replaced by old English |
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Suffixes Roman
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The Romans named several places. The suffix -by meant farm or town
-thorpe meant village |
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700AD
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Vikings invaded from Scandinavia
- they spoke old Norse which was very similar to Anglo Saxon so old Norse was easily absorbed into old English Get hit call leg skin wrong knife knee knuckle sky skill skin Kn- -dge -le sh- -tch -sh -ckle |
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Old English gave
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Pronouns: I, she, he etc
Nouns: friend, dirt Adjectives: happy, cold Verbs: can, shall Conjunctions: and, as Prepositions: up, down Language was mono-syllabic and direct |
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Inflections
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Ge _ to
'S _ cats dogs pens -ed _ walked -er _ smaller There were several dialects - not always understood varied vocab, no spelling |
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Middle English 1150 - 1450
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Normal english ensured a long period of French rule
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Normans
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Norman conquest lead to a long period of French rule.
French became the language of the royal court etc 10,000 French words entered the language |
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New words
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Elegant, refine and polysyllabic
Government - court, state, city Fashion - perfume, button, dress Relationship - aunt, uncle, cousin STILL NO SPELLING SYSTEM |
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1476
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PRINTING INTRODUCED TO MODERN ENGLAND
- emergence of standard English East Midlands dialect was chosen for printing as it was the political and commercial centre |
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1476
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Renaissance
Thousands of borrowings from all over Europe. Scholars interested in Greek and Latin Latin vocab is weighty Thee and thou |
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1480
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The great vowel shift
Long vowel sounds transformed |
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1640
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Robert cowdry produced first dictionary . 2543 words with brief description:picture
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Late modern
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Less change
Standardised stable language |
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1712
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Jonathan Swift wanted to establish an academy to 'fix' the English language
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