Endocrine System - Terminology

Front 1

aden/o

Back 1

gland

Front 2

adrenal/o

Back 2

adrenal gland

Front 3

gonad/o

Back 3

sex glands - ovaries and testes

Front 4

gonadotropin

Back 4

they act on gonads, examples are FSH and LH

Front 5

pancreat/o

Back 5

pancreas

Front 6

parathyroid/o

Back 6

parathyroid gland

Front 7

pituitar/o

Back 7

pituitary gland; hypophysis

Front 8

hypopituitarism

Back 8

pituitary dwarfism caused by this

Front 9

thyr/o, thyroid/o

Back 9

thyroid gland

Front 10

thyroiditis

Back 10

may result from bacterial or viral infection or and autoimmune reaction

Front 11

andr/o

Back 11

male

Front 12

calc/o, calci/o

Back 12

calcium

Front 13

cortic/o

Back 13

cortex, outer region

Front 14

crin/o

Back 14

secrete (endocrinologist)

Front 15

dips/o

Back 15

thirst

Front 16

polysipsia

Back 16

increased thirst

Front 17

estr/o

Back 17

female

Front 18

gluc/o

Back 18

sugar

Front 19

glucagon

Back 19

raises blood sugar by stimulating its release from glycogen into the bloodstream

Front 20

glyc/o

Back 20

sugar

Front 21

glycemic

Back 21

a patient with diabetes mellitus requires glycemic control

Front 22

glycogen

Back 22

animal starch that can be converted to glucose by the liver

Front 23

home/o

Back 23

sameness (homeostasis)

Front 24

hormon/o

Back 24

hormone

Front 25

kal/i

Back 25

potassium

Front 26

hypokalemia

Back 26

this condition can occur in dehydration and with excessive vomiting and diarrhea. The heart is particularly sensitive to potassium loss

Front 27

lact/o

Back 27

milk

Front 28

myx/o

Back 28

mucus

Front 29

myxedema

Back 29

mucus-like material accumulates under the skin

Front 30

natr/o

Back 30

sodium

Front 31

hyponatremia

Back 31

occurs with hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex and salts and water leave the body

Front 32

phys/o

Back 32

growing

Front 33

somat/o

Back 33

body (somatotropin - growth hormone)

Front 34

ster/o

Back 34

solid structure

Front 35

steroid

Back 35

complex, solid ring-shaped molecule. many hormones are steroids (androgens, estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids)

Front 36

toc/o

Back 36

child birth (oxytocin)

Front 37

toxic/o

Back 37

poison

Front 38

thyrotoxicosis

Back 38

condition caused by excessive thyroid gland activity and oversecretion of thyroid hormone.

Front 39

ur/o

Back 39

urine

Front 40

-agon

Back 40

assemble, gather together

Front 41

-emia

Back 41

blood condition

Front 42

-in, -ine

Back 42

substance (epinephrine)

Front 43

-tropin

Back 43

stimulating the function of (to turn or act on)

Front 44

-uria

Back 44

urine condition

Front 45

glycosuria

Back 45

sign of diabetes mellitus

Front 46

eu-

Back 46

good, normal

Front 47

hyper-

Back 47

excessive; above

Front 48

hypo-

Back 48

deficient, below; under; less than normal

Front 49

oxy-

Back 49

rapid, sharp, acid

Front 50

pan-

Back 50

all

Front 51

poly-

Back 51

many or increased

Front 52

tetra-

Back 52

four

Front 53

iod/o

Back 53

iodine

Front 54

tri-

Back 54

three