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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endocrine System
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Endocrine organs secrete hormones, which are signaling molecules that trave in the bloodstream and bind to receptors at particular places in the body. Endocrine organs are ductless and have a rich blood supply. Control of hormone secretion is done by blood-borne molecules(hurmonal), neural impulses(neural) and other hormones(hormonal)
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Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis)
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Base of brain, posterior half of piutary gland. Receives signals via direct neural connection from hypothalamus
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Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
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Increase permeability of collecting ducts in kidney, decreases water excretion
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Oxytocin
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responsible for feeling of attachment, smooth muscle contraction of uterus, assists location
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Anterior Pituitary (adenohypophysis)
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Base of brain, posterior half of pituitray gland. Recieves signals through 'hypophyseal portal system' of vessels from hypothalamus
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Growth Hormone
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causes growth in hight
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Prolactin
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prepares breast for lacation, stimulate milk supply
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Leutenizing Hormone
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Influences uterine and ovulaory cycles in females, stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone in male
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Follicle Stimulating Hormone
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influences uterine and ovulatoy cycles in females; sperm maturation in males
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Releasing Hormone
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Several types; stimulate other hormones
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Thyroid Gland
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Located in anterior neck, around larynx. Follicles surround by parafollicular cells
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Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine
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Produced in follicles, increase metabolic rate, reequire iodine to produce calcitonin
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Calcitonin
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Produced by parafollicular cells, decreased circulating calcium in blood by inhibiting bone absorption
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Parathyroid Gland
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Just deep to thyroid gland, small
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Parathyroid Hormone
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Increase circulating calcium in blood by increasing bone absorption and calcium uptake in gut
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Pancreas
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Accessory digestive organ, has exocrine function too(digestive enzymes). Islets with alpha and beta cells have endocrine function
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Glucagon
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Secreted by alpha cells, signal liver to released stored glycogen, increase blood glucose
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Insulin
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Secreted beta cells, signas cells to take up glucose from blood
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