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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the main endocrine or endocrine related organs in the body? |
Pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, adrenal gland, kidney, pancreas, ovary and testes |
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What is the difference between direct and indirect hormone action? |
A direct hormone action stimulates an organ, muscle or gland An indirect hormone action stimulates another hormone that will go on to elicit effects |
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What is unique about the posterior pituitary? |
It is the neural portion of the gland. It doesn't produce its on hormones only secretes them |
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What are the action of the posterior pituitary hormones? |
They act directly |
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What are the two posterior pituitary hormones and what are their actions? |
Oxytocin: causes contraction of the smooth muscle in the uterus and lining the mammary gland ADH: Causes water retention in the kidney tubule system |
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What is the only anterior pituitary hormone that acts directly? |
Prolactin: stimulates milk production i.e. lactation |
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What is another term for indirectly acting hormones? |
Trophic hormones |
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What is a standard negative feedback loop in the endocrine system? |
As testosterone is produced at high levels there is feedback and the release of the trophic hormone (luteinizing hormone) is inhibited Thyroxine is produced in large quantities and it feeds back to inhibit the release of the trophic hormone (TSH) |
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What is an additional method for negative feedback? |
Feedback can be caused by other molecules such as calcium with parathyroid hormone or glucose for glucagon |
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If the disease has proper feedback controls what is it classified as? |
It is classified as primary; meaning that the pathology exists in the organ responsible for releasing the effector hormone |
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What is indicative of secondary disease? |
If the feedback does not work properly we have secondary disease. For example if the T4 hormone is high then the TSH should be reduced, although if it stays high then we know we have a problem with the feedback |
