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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ADA Diagnostic Criteria for Type II Diabetes Mellitus |
A1C >6.5 or Fasting Plasma Glucose >126 or 2 hr plasma glucose >200 mg/dL or random >200 mg/dL with symptoms of hyperglycemia |
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Disease where the pituitary gland makes to much ACTH- symptoms include round moon face and central obesity
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Cushing's Disease |
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Top 3 causes of death >65 y/o |
1. heart disease 2. cancers (lung, colorectal) 3. COPD |
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Middle aged woman, overweight complains of fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, mentral abnormalities, puffy face hands, and feet. Labs: elevated TSH, decreased T4 |
Hashimoto's Thyroidistis TSH elevated T4 decreased treat with Synthroid |
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Mixed Insulin (Rapid + Long Acting) - duration time |
16-24 hours |
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Mixed Insulin Types |
Novolog Mix 70/30 Humalog Mix 75/25, 50/50 Humulin 70/30 |
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Whipples Triad |
Suggests Hypoglycemia 1. Symptoms after fasting or heavy exercise 2. Low plasma glucose measured at time of symptoms 3. relief of symptoms when glucose returned to normal |
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Fasting Triglycerides Values |
Desireable: <150 mg/dL Borderline high: 150-199 mg/dL High: 200- 499 mg/dL Very High: >500 |
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Thyroid Values |
Normal TSH 0.5- 4.5 Normal Serum Free T4 : 0.8- 1.8 |
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ADA Diagnostic Criteria for Impaire1 Fasting Glucose |
IFG 100-125 mg/dL constitutes pre-diabetes (must be checked on subsequent day) 2-h PH on the 75- g OGTT 140-199 A1C >5,7- 6.4 |
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Initiating Basal Insulin Formula |
Total insulin needs 1-12.2 u/kg/day - consider bedtime basal like NPH- Start at 0.2 u/kg as bolus at bed 1kg x 0.2= _____ units daily |
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Initiating Synthroid for Primary Hypothyroidism |
Adults need 1.6 mcg/kg/day Start with full replacement dose in healthy, young patients kg x 1.6 = _____ dose |
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With what lab values should you consider an insulin? |
AIC >10 FG >250 |
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Hyperthyroidism symptoms |
fatigue weight loss heat intolerance hyperhydrosis fine, silk hair, alopecia insomnia muscle weakness dyspnea palpiations hyperdefecation mentral irregularity |
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metabolic abnormalities associated with hypothyroidism |
hypercholesterolemia, elevated LDL macrocytic anemia increased CK hyponatremia |
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Hypothydroism treatment in elderly |
Patient 50-60 : start 50 mcg daily ; check TSH 4-6 weeks Presence of cardiac disease: start at 25 mcg dail, check TSH 4-6 weeks Increase every 3-6 weeks by 25 mcg until normal TSH levels |
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Two most common side effects of Metformin |
Increased creatining metabolic acidosis |
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Diabetes Mellitus risk factors |
age >45 BMI >25 family hx habitual physical inactivity HTN 140/90 HDL <35, TRIG >250 women on PCOs Hx vascular disease delivery ofo macrosomic infant African American, Hispanic, Native American, Asian, Pacific Islander A1C >5.7 |
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Hypothyroidism Symptoms |
fatigue weight gain cold intolerance skin dryness hair dry, course depression (elderly) muscle cramps edema bradycardia constipation |
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Immediate Insulin (Rapid Acting) Onset of Action and Duration |
OA: 15-30 minutes Peak: 30- 2 1/2 hours Duration 3-6 1/2 hours Used by Type I diabetics before each meal (Covers one meal at a time) Examples: Novolog, Humalog, Apidra |
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Regular Insulin (Short Acting Insulin) Onset of Action and Duration |
OA: 30 minutes- 60 min Peak 1-5 hours Duration: 6-8 hours Lasts from meal to meal Examples: Humulin R, Novolin |
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Long Acting Insulin (NPH) Onset of Action and Duration |
OA: 1 hour D: 24 hours Lasts from breakfast to dinner Example: Lantus, Levemer |
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Elderly adult who complains of bone pain with generalized weakness. Pain located on chest an back with generalized weakness. Pain located on chest and back. Anemia present. |
Multiple Myeloma Labs for cancerous mestasis of bone: increased serum calcium, increased alkaline phosphate |
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Middle aged female loses a large amount of weight rapidly, becomes irritable, anxious and hyperacitive. She has insomnia with frequent bowel movements, amenorrhea and heat intolerance. Exam reveals large thyroid present. |
Graves Disease look for very low TSH ( <0.01) + elevated free T4 |
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Autoimmune disorder that leads to over activity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) |
Graves Disease |
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Hyper/hypo glycemia mneumonic |
Hot and dry sugar high; cold and clammy, need so candy |
