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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pneumothorax
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air in the pleural space causing collapse of the lung
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Mediastinum
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hollow area located in the middle of the thoracic cavity between the right and left lungs.
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visceral pleura
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innermost layer and is in contact with the lungs
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parietal pleura
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the outermost layer in contact with the thoracic wall
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flail segment
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two or more adjacent ribs that are fractured in two or more places.
move independently of the rest of the rib cage |
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pulmonary contusion
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Blood
bleeding within the lung tissue disturbance in gas exchange |
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pulmonary contusion causes
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blunt trauma to chest
usually seen with flail chest |
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pneumothorax
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accumulation of air in the pleural cavity causing collapse of a portion of the lung
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spontaneous pneumothorax
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occurs without an external cause
common among smokers |
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absent lung sounds in a pneumothorax start where on the collapsing lung
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the apex (top of the lung)
gravity will cause the air in the pleural space to move upward |
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hemothorax
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thoracic cavity filled with blood
blunt penetrating trauma open or closed injury |
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traumatic asphyxia
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severe and sudden compression of the thorax causes a rapid increase in the pressure in the chest.
pt usually looks bluish purple |
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Cardiac contusion
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following severe blunt trauma to the chest.
heart is violently compressed. usually the right ventricle |
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commotio cordis
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sudden cardiac arrest that results from a projectile such as a baseball striking the anterior chest.
pt often young males |
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pericardial tamponade
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bleeding into the tough fibrous sac surrounding the heart (pericardial sac)
usually a penetrating injury to the heart. breath sounds remain the same see jugular vein distention |
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pericardial tamponade s/s
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decreased b/p narrow pulse pressure (less than 30mmHg) weak pulses, radial pulses disappearing or diminishing during inhalation
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rib injuries
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most commonly fractured ribs are the third through the eighth, lateral aspect of the chest
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pulsus paradoxus
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drop in systolic blood pressure during inhalation
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hemoptysis
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coughing up blood or blood stained sputum
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ominous sign of severe chest injury
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increasing heart rate and decreasing b/p associated with increasing respiratory distress
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peritoneal space
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potential space between the visceral and parietal peritonea
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retroperitoneal cavity
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posterior abdominal cavity lie partially or completely outside of the peritoneum
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retroperitoneal organs
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duodenum
pancreas inferior vena cava aorta kidneys ureters |
