Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What embryonic tissues form the face?
|
Paraxial mesoderm (somites)
Lateral plate mesoderm Neural crest |
|
|
What mature tissues of the face are formed from the paraxial mesoderm (somites)?
|
Bones
Muscles Dermis |
|
|
What mature tissues of the face are formed from the lateral plate mesoderm?
|
Bones
|
|
|
What mature tissues of the face are formed from the neural crest?
|
Cartilage
Bone Dermis Pia arachnoid Neuroness Mesenchyme of the teeth |
|
|
Generally, where are the neural crest derivatives on the face? The mesoderm derivatives?
|
Neural crest: front
Mesoderm: back |
|
|
What bone of the face is derived from the lateral plate mesoderm?
|
Laryngeals
|
|
|
What bones of the face are formed from the paraxila mesoderm?
|
Parietal
Petro Occipitals Hyoids |
|
|
What is the mechanism of bone formatino in the face?
|
Intramembranous
|
|
|
Are the bones of the skull fused at birth? Why or why not?
|
NO!
You need to get through the birth canal The brain needs to be able to grow! |
|
|
How many bones fuse to form the anterior fontanelle? Posterior?
|
4
3 |
|
|
If there is an increase in intracranial pressure, what will be observed on the head of an infant?
|
A bulging anterior fontanelle
|
|
|
What genes are involved in cranial fusion?
|
BMP
NOggin |
|
|
What is the presentation of Apert syndrome? What is the cause?
|
Bulging anterior fontanelle
Premature fusion of the coronal sutures |
|
|
What is cranisynostosis? What is the cause?
|
Premature fusion of the skull
Lack of noggin due to a mutation in FGFR2 causing abnormal repression. FGF activates FGFR2, which inhibits Noggin. Normally Noggin inhibits skull fusion, but if it is not present you can't get everything back together |
|
|
What arches are the derivatives of the original branchial arch?
|
Maxillary arch
Mandibular arch |
|
|
What structure gives rise to the medial and lateral nasal processes?
|
Frontonasal prominence
|
|
|
What two prominences fuse to give the nasolacrimal groove and duct?
|
Maxillary prominence
Lateral nasal prominence |
|
|
The frontonasal prominence forms what structure?
|
Forehead
Bridge of nose |
|
|
The medial nasal prominence forms what structure?
|
Philtrum (The shallow groove running down the center of the outer surface of the upper lip)
Nose |
|
|
The lateral nasal prominence forms what structure?
|
Alae of nose (lateral part)
|
|
|
The maxillary prominence forms what structure?
|
Cheeks
Lateral, upper lip |
|
|
The mandibular prominence forms what structure?
|
Lower lip
|
|
|
What pharyngeal arch forms the muscles of the face?
|
2nd
|
|
|
What prominces fuse to form the primary palate and upper incisors?
|
Medial nasal processes
|
|
|
What processes fuse to form the secondary palate? Where is the origin of these processes?
|
Lateral palatine processes
Maxillary prominences |
|
|
What is the difference between syndromic and nonsyndromic CL/P or CP?
|
Syndromic: single gene mutations
Non-syndromic: genetically complex, environmentally caused factors |
|
|
What branchial arches form the tongue? What nerves perform which functions?
|
Anterior 2/3: arch 1. Sensation via V3, taste via VII
Posterior 1/3: arches 3, 4. Taste and sensation via IX. Extreme end via X |
