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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sun is in existence encountering another heavenly bodies |
Encounter Hypothesis |
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The Sun is not yet in existence, the solar system was formed out of gas /nebula |
Nebular Hypothesis |
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Who created planetesimal hypothesis |
Chamberlain and Moulton |
CM |
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States that the planets were formed by accumulation of extremely small bits of matter planetesimals that revolved around the sun |
Planetesimal hypothesis |
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Who created tidal hypothesis |
Jeans and Jeffrey |
JJ |
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The encounter between the sun and a star is so close that the gravitational attraction causes a great tidal budge in the sun. This bulge splits off and breaks up to form planets |
Tidal Hypothesis |
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Who created the nebular hypothesis |
Immanuel Kant and Pierre Simon Laplace |
IK&PSL |
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The great cloud or nebula cools and shrink. The shrinking makes it spin faster. The increased speed causes the nebula to throw off a ring then another until nine rings form |
Nebular Hypothesis |
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Who created protoplanet hypothesis |
Carl Von Weizsacker and Gérard Kuiper |
CVW&GK |
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The solar system begins to form, as a rotating cloud, or nebula collapses. But instabilities develop in the nebula causing dust particles to pull together. Then the dust particles merge into billions of planetesimals then collide and form protoplanets |
Protoplanet Hypothesis |
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The third rock from the sun and the only planet with evidence of life and its water that creates its uniqueness |
Earth |
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Combination of the planets particular features |
Life Human civilization Human species civilization |
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What makes the earth habitable |
-right distance from the sun -strong magnetic field -good relative size -insulating atmosphere -right chemical composition |
RSGIR |
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Earth's spheres |
Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere |
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An event or process that repeats over and over again |
Cycle |
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It is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure formed by geographical processes |
Mineral |
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Is an aggregate of one or more minerals whereas it may also involve inorganic remains |
Rock |
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What are the properties of Minerals? |
Color, luster, hardness, cleavage and fracture, streak, and specific gravity |
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What are minerals chemical property? |
Solubility and Melting Point |
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Is sometimes caused by the presence of trace elements or compounds within a material |
Color |
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Is the relative differences in the opacity and transparency of a mineral as a light reflected on the surface |
Luster |
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Is a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched |
Hardness |
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German geologist who developed a scale by which an unknown minerals hardness can be compared to the known hardness of ten minerals |
Friedrich Mohs |
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Scale developed by Friedrich |
Mohs Scale |
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Atomic arrangement, also determines how a mineral will break to identify a mineral |
Cleavage and Fracture |
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Is the color of the mineral when it's broken up and powdered |
Streak |
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Is the racio of the mineral to the weight of the water with an equal volume |
Specific Gravity |
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Refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent at a specified temperature |
Solubility |
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Refers to the temperature at which solid turns to liquid |
Melting Point |
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8 Basic classes of Minerals |
Silicate, Carbonate, sulphate, sulphide, halide, native, phosphate, oxide |
SCSSHNPO |
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Three classifications of rocks |
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic |
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Ignis meaning? |
Fire |
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Is also known as magmatic rock, formed through the cooling and solidification of magma |
Igneous Rock |
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Magma; used to make gravestones, statues and counterpart |
Intrusive Igneous Rock |
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Lava; Used to construct buildings and statues |
Extrusive Igneous Rock |
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What does sedimentum mean |
Sedimentary |
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From weathering cause sediments to build up in layers |
Sedimentary Rock |
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Means change form, changed by heat and pressure within the earth, particles are fused together |
Metamorphic Rock |
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Mineral grains are arranged in planes and bands |
Foliated metamorphic rock |
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Mineral grains are not arranged in planes and bands |
Non -foliated metamorphic rock |
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Include geological phenomena and processes that originate externally to the earth's surface |
Exogenic Processes |
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4 types of exogenic processes |
Weathering, mass movements, erosion, deposition |
WMED |
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3 types of chemical weathering |
Physical, Chemical, Biological |
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2 types of Mass Movements |
Slow mass movement, rapid mass movement |
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Breaking down of larger rocks into smaller rocks |
Mechanical Weathering |
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Occurs in the rock causing it to dissolve and forming new substances |
Chemical weathering |
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Disintegration of rocks to the actions of plants/animals |
Biological Weathering |
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When the temperature increases, ice melts in the rocks in the cracks of the rock |
Frost Wedging |
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Is a mechanical Weathering process in which outer rock layers are stripped away, often resulting in dome scraped formations |
Exfoliation |
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2 examples of physical weathering |
Frost Wedging and Exfoliation |
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5 types of chemical weathering |
Oxidation, Hydration, Hydrolisis, Carbonation, Acid Rain |
OHHCA |
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A combination of a mineral with oxygen to form oxides or hydroxides |
Oxidation |
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Occurs when water reacts with an anhydrous mineral which forms a hydrate |
Hydration |
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Water breaks down the chemical bonds of a mineral instead of creating a new mineral |
Hydrolisis |
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The reaction between calcite and weak acids in rainwater and acids in groundwater |
Carbonation |
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When carbon dioxide combines with water in the atmosphere. It forms a carbonic acid that dissolves some rocks like limestones |
Acid Rain |
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Caused by trees and other plants, microorganisms and lichens, animal activities |
Biological Weathering |
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The transportation of loose rocks, soil, and sand particles from one location to another |
Erosion |
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Aeolian process constantly transport dust, sand and Ash from one place to another |
Wind Erosion |
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Rocks carried by glaciers scrape against the ground below, eroding both the ground and the rocks |
Glacial Erosion |
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