Elimination - Urinary Chapter

Front 1

This body part consists of nephrons that remove wastes, regulate water and elctrolytes concentration in body fluids; glomerulus is site of urine formation - filters water, glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid, creatinine and electrolytes but 99% is reabsorbed into the plasma -

Back 1

KIDNEYS

Front 2

Attached to each kidney and carries urine to the bladder

Back 2

URETERS

Front 3

This body part is the reservoir for urine, when empty rests behind symphysis pubis - in males against the rectum, females against anterior wall of uterus and vagina; full bladder rises above the symphysis pubis and can be palpated.

Back 3

BLADDER

Front 4

Urine travels to the outside of the body from the bladder to the meatus via the _________.

Back 4

URETHRA

Front 5

What 3 words are used for the process by which urine is expelled from the bladder.

Back 5

Urination
Micturation
Voiding

Front 6

This results from impaired bladder function, obstructed flow, and inability to control flow -

Back 6

Disturbances in Micturation

Front 7

This type of retention is due to accumulation in the bladder due to inability to empty -

Back 7

Urinary Retention

Front 8

Microorganisms present in the tract cause this type of infection -

Back 8

Urinary tract infection

Front 9

Loss of control over voiding is known as -

Back 9

Urinary Incontinence

Front 10

A surgical diversion of the urine from a diseased or dysfunctional bladder is known as ___________ diversions-

Back 10

Urinary

Front 11

Internal pouch is formed and patient inserts catheter to drain urine is a __________ diversion.

Back 11

Continent

Front 12

When ureters are brought to the surface of the abdomen; a collecting devise must be worn and is known as ________ diversion.

Back 12

Incontinent

Front 13

Name two blood tests used to test urine -

Back 13

BUN - blood urea nitrogen
Creatinine

Front 14

This is a screening test for renal disease, metabolic disorders, lower urinary tract alterations, fluid imbalances; done on most patients -

Back 14

Urinalysis

Front 15

This urinalysis is done on urine that is relatively free of micro-organisms -

Back 15

Clean-Voided or Midstream Specimen

Front 16

This type of test is done when catheterizing or by withdrawing urine from an indwelling catheter; needed for culture and sensitivity -

Back 16

Sterile specimen

Front 17

Name one type of 24 hour specimen urine test -

Back 17

Creatinine-Clearance

Front 18

This type of x-ray is called a plain film, flat plate or KUB -

Back 18

Abdominal x-ray

Front 19

What type of test visualizes renal tissue and pelvis, outines ureters, kidneys, bladder and urethra -

Back 19

Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP)

Front 20

This test is used to detect tumors, obstuctions and masses -

Back 20

CT

Front 21

This test is used to look at renal anatomy, and abnormal structures -

Back 21

Renal Ultrasound

Front 22

This test is done by a physician with a scope inserted through the urethra for visualization and inspection
-may also pass a small catheter into the ureters and renal pelvis -may collect urine specimens from ureters.

Back 22

Cystoscopy

Front 23

This test is done to visualize the vascular supply to the kidneys -

Back 23

Arteriogram

Front 24

This type of biopsy is done to
-diagnose causes of renal disease and detect malignancy
-to evaluate rejection post transplant
-biopsy needle is placed through the chest wall into renal parenchyma

Back 24

Renal

Front 25

This test is done to
-visualize how the bladder empties and fills
-helps R/O causes of incontinence
-a catheter is inserted & bladder is filled with air or dye
-catheter is clamped and films taken
-then catheter is removed
-patient voids while films are taken

Back 25

Cystogram

Front 26

If urine color is pale - straw color to amber it is considered -

Back 26

normal

Front 27

If urine color is bright red -

Back 27

bleeding from bladder or urethra

Front 28

If urine color is dark red

Back 28

bleeding from ureters or kidney

Front 29

If urine color is dark amber -

Back 29

concentrated urine

Front 30

If urine color is dark brown

Back 30

indicates presence of billirubin

Front 31

If urine clarity is transparent

Back 31

normal

Front 32

If urine clarity is cloudy -

Back 32

presence of WBC's

Front 33

If urine has some odor -

Back 33

it's normal

Front 34

If urine has strong odor it means -

Back 34

may indicate concentration, ammonia smell is from stegnant urine, sweet or fruity is acetone

Front 35

List some factors that effect urinary elimination -

Back 35

stress fluid intake
privacy immobility
relaxation medications
medication processess positioning

Front 36

This type of catheter is a single use and is inserted to drain the bladder, remains in the bladder short time -

Back 36

Intermittent

Front 37

This type of catheter is single use and is inserted & remains in the bladder indefinitely -

Back 37

Indwelling

Front 38

This type of catheter is inserted surgically into the bladder throught the abdominal wall -

Back 38

Suprapubic

Front 39

This type of catheter is used for incontenance if able to empty bladder, attaches to penis similarily to a prophylactic condom, has a collection bag -

Back 39

Condom

Front 40

-Required to reduce risk of infection
-Insertion site should be cleansed, perineal care is provided q 8 hours
-Observe meatus for inflammation, swelling, discharge, noting amount, color, consistency of drainage
-keep catheter taped to thigh, secured to bed linen, no kinks, collection bag below level of bladder

Back 40

Catheter Care

Front 41

Remove catheter asap to avoid -

Back 41

infection