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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Alpha globulins, name them -7 |
Alpha 1 antitrypsin Alpha 1 acid glycoprotein Alpha 1 fetoprotein Alpha lipoprotein hdl Haptoglobin Alpha 2 macroglobulin Ceruloplasmin AAFLHMC. |
AA FL HMC |
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Comprises 90% of protein that migrates behind albumin |
A1 antitrypsin |
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A protease inhibitor |
A1 antitrypsin |
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A1 antitrypsin decrease is associated with what ? Hint* |
Severe degenerative emphysema like pulmonary disease |
You trip when you cough |
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Increase in A1 antitrypsin is associated with what? Hint ** |
Pregnancy, contraceptives inflammatory conditions ( apr) ****Neonates have much lower values |
You shouldn't trip when you're what? |
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Alpha 1 acid glycoprotein binds what? And is found where ? |
Steroids and is found in platelets |
Think roid rage platlets idk |
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Increase in alpha acid glycoprotein is associated with what ? |
Inflammation, pregnancy,cancer, pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, association with cell proliferation. |
Cell prolif. So think any cell growth ... as well as what that would cause in the body. |
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Alpha 1 feto protein function is to protect what . The hint in in the name |
Protects fetus from immunologic attack from momma Use moms serum or amniotic serum for fetal disorders and NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS AND SPINA BIFIDA |
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Which apha 1 globulin can be used to monitor anti neoplastic drugs ? |
Alpha 1 fetoprotein Helps diagnose hepatocellular cancer |
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Alpha lipoprotein is also know as what ? |
HDL |
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Alpha lipoprotein is composed of what? 3 *hint |
Cholesterol Phospholipids Apoliproproteins Al ALL |
Think CPA |
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Alpha lipoprotein has what type of relationship with coronary artery disease |
There is an inverse relationship between the serum concentration of alpha lipoprotein and risk of coronary artery disease. |
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Hyper alpha lipo protein is associated with what? |
Longevity syndrome |
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Haptoglobin binds what? And is or is not an APR? |
Hemoglobin Is an APR |
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Haptoglobin is elevated in ? And decreased in? *hint |
Decreased in hemolytic anemia, hematomas, and hemorrhage Increased in inflammatory disorders |
For decreased think what disorders are hemoglobin thieves? |
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Haptoglobin assays are ordered for what reason? |
To see how bad a patients intravascular hemolysis following transfusion reactions or for hdfn. |
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Alpha 2 macroglobulin is known as a protease what? |
Inhibitor |
Think MAC daddy /tease 😬 |
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Alpha 2 Macroglobulin binds what ? |
Hormones insulin |
Mac daddy full of hormones |
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Alpha 2 Macroglobulin increased serum values are found in what? |
Nephrosis Pregnancy Contraceptives |
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Ceruloplasmin binds what and has what type of activity ? |
Copper And has peroxidase activity |
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Increased ceruloplasmin values occur when ? |
Neoplastic Inflammatory Copper intoxication Pregnancy Contraceptives |
Two of them begin with C |
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Ceruloplasmin decreased when ? |
Wilson's disease ( cu to disease) Nephrotic Advanced liver |
One of them is an advanced stage of a disease |
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What are the Beta globulins ? |
PRE beta lipoprotein ( vldl) very low density lipoprotein Transferrin Hemoplexin Beta lipoprotein ( low density lipoprotein) Beta2 microglobulin) Complement C3 Complement C4 Properdin Factor B ( PFB) V T. H L. B C C P |
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Pre beta lipoprotein ( vldl) transports what? |
Triglycerides to tissues |
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pre beta lipoprotein or vldl contains what type of proteins ? |
Apoproteins B CI CII CIII E |
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Pre beta lipoproteins vldl are increased in what two conditions? |
Primary and secondary hyperlipidemias |
Hyper what? |
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VLDL or pre beta lipoproteins are decreased when? |
Malabsorption, malnutrition, severe hepatic dysfunction |
Think the "MALS" |
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Transferrin functions to transport and bind what ? |
Iron |
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Transferrin values are increased in |
Iron def anemia ( nothing to transport ) Pregnancy Contraceptives Acute hepatitis |
If you ain't got it, you can't move it. |
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Hemopexin functions to remove what 3 things ? |
Heme Methheme Porphyrins |
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Hemopexins are increased in what conditions |
Pregnancy Diabetes mellitus Duchenne muscular dystrophy Some malignancies |
Double D's |
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Beta lipoproteins Low density lipoprotein serves to transport what and contains what? |
Cholesterol and contains apolipropeitein B . |
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Beta lipoprotein low density lipoproteins are increased in what 3 conditions ? |
Atherosclerosis Primary and secondary hyperlipidemia |
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Beta lipoprotein low density lipoproteins are decreased in what 3 conditions ? |
Malnutrition SEVERE hepatic dysfunction Chronic anemias |
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Beta 2 Microglobulin has a small molecular weight and ???? |
Does not get very charged ?? |
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Complement C3 and C4 are what types of proteins ? |
Immune response proteins and are complement factor for coagulation |
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Complement 3 is increased in ? 2 things |
Inflammatory disease and acute dermatitis |
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Complement 3 is decreased in what ? |
Autoimmune disease Resp. Distress Bacteremia Tissue injury Chronic hepatitis |
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Complement 4 is increased in what 2 things ? |
Acute inflammatory process and malignancy |
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Complement C4 is decreased in |
DIC ACUTE GLOMULARNEPHRITIS SLE,CHRONIC HEPATITIS |
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PFB or properdin factor B is a pro enzyme of what ? |
C3 and a APR |
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PFB is increased during what 2 things ? |
Inflammations and DIC |
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PFB is decreased when ? |
in dysfibrinogenemia and afibrinogeniemia |
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IGG is the first or second antibody response ? |
Second |
Two G's |
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IgA has what response |
AntivirAl antibody response |
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IgM has what antibody formation? |
PriMMMaary antibody formation |
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IgD is responsible for ? |
Antibody formation |
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Normal total serum protein value |
6 to 8 g/dL |
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What increases plasma protein level by an additional .2 to .4 gm/ 100ml? |
Fibrinogen , hormonal drugs can raise levels as well |
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In multiple myeloma the total protein may increase to over .....? |
10g/100ml due to monoclonal immunoglobulins However low albumin |
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In nephrotic syndrome albumin is lost in the ... |
Urine bc of damage kidney |
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In salt retention syndrome water is what held back or retained? |
Held back to dilute the salt retained resulting in a dilution of all proteins. |
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In Burns albumin is lost or gained ? |
Lost. Think oozing . |
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Clinical significance of total protein ? |
In disease states total protein to ratio of other proteins change independently of one another. |
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Percent of nitrogen in serum =? |
16% |
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Methods of identification of proteins3 ways |
Quantification of total proteins and albumin Seperation and identification of proteins Quantification of SPECIFIC proteins |
Q S Q |
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Ref. Method for total protein in urine |
the modified biruret reaction |
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Buiret method principle |
Formation of violet colored complex when cu 2 ions in alkaline solution bind with peptide bonds of the protein. |
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Kjeldahl method principle |
Nitrogen in serum oxidized to NH4 then to NH3 titrated with HCL . Ref method for serum proteins !!! |
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Total protein serum is collected in what ? |
Red top Interference is hemolysis and venostasis |
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Total protein plasma is collected in what ? |
Green top Interference is hemolysis and venostastis |
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Total protein urine is collected how ? |
24 to 12 hr specimen |
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Csf interference ? |
Tram. Tap Zanthochromia Turbidity |
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Storage temps for collections |
Total proteins and serum= 1 week at 25c 1 month at 4c Serum 2 months 20c Plasma 2 months -20c Urine = 1 week at 4c 1 year at 20c |
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Electrophoresis principle |
Albumin is separated from other proteins in an electrical field Quantification is made by multiplying percent of stained albumin by total protein value. This is reference method for albumin |
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Immunochemical examples of quantification of albumin |
EID electroimmunodiffusion -migration in electric field RID -diffusion thru medium TURBIDIMETRY-decrease light transmission NEPHELOMETRY -light scatter |
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Quantification of albumin dye binding method |
BCG bromcresol green - albumin binds to dye and changes the max absorbance of the dye Not specific for albumin ...? Ok Specific for albumin ( it says both ) |
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Biruret method for urine total protein principle |
Proteins concentrated with TCA and redissolved in biruret reagent ( cu2) forms colored complex in alkaline conditions when combined with peptide bonds. |
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Proteinuria pic |
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Enzyme reference values |
Ghost recon break point Tom Clancy Alp -think Alps so 30 to 90 c ACP- M-2.5-11.7 F-0.3-9.2 Lps -0.1 ( this close to losing it) ALT-6-37 ( think mlt , our shift is 6 am till 3 pm then add the 7) AST - 5-30 ( just like female GGT) LD- reverse is 100 to 225 Forward is 80 to 280 ( goes up in absorbance so twice as much 80) AMS-25-130(serum ) 1-15 ( urine) Ck 15-160 ( m) 15-130 (f) ( 30 less than male) GGT (m) 6-45 (F) 5-30 ( 45 yr old man with GT always wants to date a girl under 30 ) 😂 |
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