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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Calcium (Normal Value) |
9.0 - 10.5 mg/dl (2.25-2.62 mmol/L) |
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Hypercalcemia (Causes) |
Hyperparathyroidism (Too much PTH) (When your serum calcium gets low, PTH kicks in and pulls Ca from bone and puts it in the blood, thus serum calcium goes up) Thiazides (Retain Ca) Immobilization (You have to bear weight to keep Ca in the bone) |
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Hypercalcemia (S/S) |
Bones are brittle Kidney stones *DTRs decreased * Muscle tone weak/flaccid * Arrhythmias yes *LOC decreased * Pulse decreased * Respirations decreased |
Too Much sedative Think muscles |
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Hypercalcemia (Tx) |
Move (Ca goes back to bone) Fluids prevents kidney stones Ca has inverse relationship with phosphorous ( so add phosphorous to diet; anything with protein had phos) Steroids (Decreased system Ca) Safety precautions (B/c sedated) Must have vitamin D to use Ca. (Get from sun, sunscreen will prevent) Meds that decrease serum Ca: Biphosphates (etidronate) Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors Calcitonin (Decreases serum Ca, drives it back into bone) |
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Hypocalcemia (Causes) |
Hypoparathyroidism Radical Neck Thyroidectomy * physician can accidentally take out some Pet's = not making enough PTH = Serum Ca decrease (All these= not enough PTH) |
Where does your Ca come from? |
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Hypocalcemia (S/S) |
* Muscle tone rigid/tight
* Possible seizures
* Stridor/Laryngospasm ( airway is smooth muscle) * + Chvostek's ( tap cheek- twitch)
* + Trosseues (Pump BP cuff- hand tremor)
* Arrhythmias (Heart is a muscle)
*DTRs increased * Mind Changes
* Swallowing problems (Esophagus is smooth muscle= Possible aspiration)
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Not enough sedative!! Think Muscles 1st |
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Hypocalcemia (Tx) |
Vit. D Phosphate binders (Phos decreased, calcium increase) Sevelamer hydrochloride (Renagel) Calcium acetate (PhosLo) IV Ca (Calcium carbonate) (Give slowly, always make sure client is on a heart monitor) |
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