Ecology - Exam I

Front 1

Coriolis Effect

Back 1

The deflection of a moving body of gas or liquid to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere caused by the Earth’s rotation.

Front 2

Bergmann’s Rule

Back 2

The generalization that geographically variable species of homeothermic vertebrates tend to be represented by larger ecotypes in the colder parts of their range than in the warmer parts.

Front 3

Allen’s Rule

Back 3

The generalization that the extremities of homeothermic vertebrates tend to be relatively shorter in colder climates than in warmer ones.

Front 4

Gloger’s Rule

Back 4

The generalization that among homeothermic animals those ecotypes living in warm and humid areas are more heavily pigmented than those in cool dry areas.

Front 5

Earth is tilted _____̊ on its axis

Back 5

23.5

Front 6

In the Northern Hemisphere, the day the North Pole leans most toward the Sun is called:

Usually occurs on:

Back 6

summer solstice

June 21

Front 7

Earth reaches a place in its orbit where neither the North or South Pole leans more toward the sun. This is called:

Usually occurs on:

Back 7

autumnal equinox, vernal equinox

September 23, March 21

Front 8

North Pole is leaning as far as it can away from the Sun. This day is called:

Usually occurs on:

Back 8

winter solstice

December 21

Front 9

The moon orbits the earth every ____ days

Back 9

27.32

Front 10

There is a ______ hour tidal cycle, with the greatest monthly tidal fluctuation during ____________ and the lowest monthly fluctuation during _______

Back 10

24.87
full/new moon
quarter moon

Front 11

______ flows away from the Equator on the ______ of continents and ______ flows toward the Equator on the______ of continents.

Back 11

warm water
eastern sides
cold water
western sides

Front 12

Global patterns are modified by:

Back 12

nearness of land to water
mountains

Front 13

For every 7º increase in latitude or 1,000 m increase in elevation, there is a _____ in temperature.

Back 13

6ºC drop

Front 14

Coastal gradient: For many groups of marine organisms, numbers of species tend to be greater at various latitudes North and South of the Equator on the ______ of continents.

Back 14

East sides

Front 15

Elevational gradient: For many groups of organism, numbers of species tend to peak at:

Back 15

mid-elevations

Front 16

Reciprocal transplant experiment

Back 16

An experiment in which ecotypes are raised in each other’s environments to determine whether the variation between ecotypes is phenotypic variation or genotypic variation.

Front 17

Eury-:

Back 17

prefix meaning a wide range of tolerance

Front 18

Steno-:

Back 18

prefix meaning a narrow range of tolerance