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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Biological species concept


PROS and CONS

a part of the same species if they can breed to make fertile offspring


PROS: useful, obvious


CONS: cannot be used for extinct animals, doesn't account for asexual breeding, ethics

Phylogeneics species concept


PROS and CONS



shared common ancestor and share traits (behavioural/morphological)


PROS: Effective at determining gene flow, can be used to estimate extinct species


CONS: hard to know where one species ends and another begins, some species look similar to others but cannot breed fertile offspring

Homo heidelbergensis- when?

600,000-200,000 years ago

Homo sapiens when?

earliest around 100,000-250,000 years ago

Homo neanderthalensis when?

200,000-40,000 years ago

Homo erectus when?

1.9 million - 70,000 years ago

Homo ergasterwhen

1.9-1.4 million years ago

Homo habiliswhen

2 million years ago

Australopithecus afarensis when

4-3 million years ago

Australopithecus africanus when

3-2 million years ago

Australopithecus sediba when?

2 million years ago