Improving Decision Making And Managing Knowledge (Ch #10)

Front 1

Artificial intelligence (AI)

Back 1

computer-based systems that attempt to emulate human behavior and thought patterns

Front 2

Augmented reality (AR)

Back 2

enhances visualization by superimposing virtual computer-generated imagery onto a view of a physical real-world environment

Front 3

Balanced scorecard method

Back 3

a framework for operationalizing a firm’s strategic plan by focusing on measurable outcomes on four dimensions of firm’s financial, business process, customer, and learning and growth performance

Front 4

Business performance management (BPM)

Back 4

systematically translates a firm’s strategies into operational targets and develops key performance indicators to measure progress toward targets

Front 5

Case-based reasoning (CBR)

Back 5

knowledge and past experiences of human specialists are represented as cases and stored in a database for later retrieval

Front 6

Choice

Back 6

choosing among solution alternatives

Front 7

Data visualization

Back 7

helps users see patterns and relationship in large amount of data that would normally be presented as text or numbers

Front 8

Design

Back 8

involves identifying and exploring various solutions to the problem

Front 9

Digital asset management systems

Back 9

help firms classify, store, and distribute digital objects

Front 10

Drill-down

Back 10

ability to move from summary to more detailed data; examine in depth

Front 11

Enterprise content management systems

Back 11

help organizations manage tacit and structured knowledge

Front 12

Expert system

Back 12

models human knowledge by capturing human expertise in a limited domain of knowledge as a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in an organization

Front 13

Folksonomies

Back 13

user-created taxonomies created for share bookmarks and social tagging

Front 14

Fuzzy logic

Back 14

a rule-based technology that creates rules that use approximate or subject values

Front 15

Genetic algorithm

Back 15

a search heuristic that mimics the process of natural selection

Front 16

Geographic information systems (GIS)

Back 16

tools used to help decision makers visualize problems requiring knowledge about the geographic distribution of people or other resources

Front 17

Group decision-support system

Back 17

an interactive computer-based system for facilitating the solution of unstructured problems by a set of decision maker working together as a group

Front 18

Implementation

Back 18

involves making the chosen alternative work and continuing to monitor how well it works

Front 19

Inference engine

Back 19

searches through a collection of rules and formulates conclusions

Front 20

Intelligence

Back 20

consists of discovering, identifying, and understanding problems occurring in the organization—why the problem exists and where and what effects is has

Front 21

Intelligent agents

Back 21

software program that work in the background without direct human interactions to carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable tasks for an individual user

Front 22

Intelligent techniques

Back 22

aid decision makers by capturing individual and collective knowledge discovering patterns and behaviors from large quantities of data and generating solutions to problems that are too large and complex for human beings to solve; consists of expert systems, case-based reasoning, genetic algorithms, neural networks, fuzzy logic, and intelligent agents

Front 23

Investment workstations

Back 23

used by the financial industry to integrate a wide range of data from both internal and external sources to streamline investment processes from stock selection to updating client records

Front 24

Key performance indicators (KPI)

Back 24

the measures proposed by senior management for understanding how well the firm is performing along any given dimension

Front 25

Knowledge base

Back 25

collective set of rules

Front 26

Knowledge management

Back 26

the set of business processes developed in an organization to create, transfer, and apply knowledge

Front 27

Knowledge network systems

Back 27

(a.k.a. expertise location and management systems) – provide an online directory of corporate experts in well-defined knowledge domains and use communication technologies to make it easy for employees to fin d the appropriate expert in the firm.

Front 28

Knowledge work systems

Back 28

specialized systems for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers that are designed to promote the creation of knowledge and ensure that new knowledge and technical expertise are properly integrated into the firm

Front 29

Learning management systems (LMS)

Back 29

enables firm to keep track of and manage employee learning and training

Front 30

Neural networks

Back 30

hardware and software that parallel the processing patterns of the human brain; able to “learn;” finds patterns and relationships in massive amounts of data too complicated for a human to analyze; solves complex, poorly understood problems for which large amounts of data are collected

Front 31

Pivot table

Back 31

enables multidimensional analysis using spreadsheets

Front 32

Semistructured decisions

Back 32

only part of the problem has a clear-cut answer provided by accepted procedures

Front 33

Sensitivity analysis

Back 33

models that ask “what-if” questions repeatedly to predict a range of outcomes when one or more variables are changed

Front 34

Social bookmarking

Back 34

allows user to save bookmarks to Web pages on a public Web site and tag them with keywords

Front 35

Structured decisions

Back 35

repetitive and routine decisions that involve definite procedures for handling them

Front 36

Structured knowledge

Back 36

explicit knowledge that exists in formal documentation, as well as in formal rule that the organizations derive by observing experts and their decision-making behaviors

Front 37

Tacit knowledge

Back 37

knowledge that resides in the head; there is no formal written or digital information

Front 38

Unstructured decisions

Back 38

decisions in which the decision make must provide judgment, evaluation, and insight to solve the problem

Front 39

Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)

Back 39

a set of platform-independent specification for interactive, 3-D modeling on the Web; organizes multiple media types to simulate real-world environments

Front 40

Virtual reality systems

Back 40

create computer-generated simulations using interactive graphics to simulate reality