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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name 5 ways that drugs affect the CV System.
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1. Increase force of muscle contraction
2. Increase coronary circulation 3. Decreases heart rate 4. Lowers BP 5. Slows conduction |
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What type of drug is Digoxin?
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Cardiac Glycoside
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Digoxin has _______ onset and ________ duration.
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rapid
short |
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What is the antidote for Digoxin?
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Digoxin Immune Fab
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When are Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors normally used?
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mainly for end-stage heart failure when other treatment regiments have failed.
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Name three Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor drugs -
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Amrinone (Inocor)
Milrinone (Primacor) Natrecor - used in ICU |
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Which drugs have the following side effects?
Narrow therapeutic window CV effects - HA, fatigue, malaise, confusion, convulsions GI effects - anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Visual - colored vision, halos, flickering Interacts with many drugs |
Cardiac Glycosides
Digoxin |
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The following nursing interventions are for which type of drugs?
-take med same day each day -check pulse for 1 minute, both apical & radial -call if you experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorxia or visual changes -daily weight call if you gain more than 2 lbs. in 24 hrs. -uses a digitizing dose |
Cardiac Glycosides
Digoxin |
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What type of drugs include Vasodilators, Andrenergics, Diuretics, Ace Inhibitors, Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers & Calcium Channel Blockers & Nitroglycerin?
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Anti-Hypertensives
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Which type of anti-hypertensive drug dilate blood vessels to improve blood flow, is used for cardiac issues to reduce heart pain or angina, lessens workload on ventricles, reduces vascular resistance and causes dilation?
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Vasodilators
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Name two Vasodilator drugs -
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Apresoline
Hyperstat-IV (for very high BP) |
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What are the side effects for Apresoline & Hyperstat-IV (Vasodilators) ?
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HA
dizziness orthostatic hypotension |
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This type of anti-hypertensive drug causes venous dilation & reduced vascular resistance -
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Andrenergics
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Name two Andrenergic drugs -
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Catapress
Minipress |
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What are the side effects of Catapress & Minipress (Andrenergics)?
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Dry mouth
drowsiness sedation orthostatic hypertension |
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What type of Anti-hyperstensive drugs increase urine produced in the kidneys?
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Diuretics
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Name a diuretic drug -
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Lasix (Loop Diuretic)
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What are the side effects of Lasix (Diuretic) -
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electrolyte disturbances
decreases potassium except in potassium sparing diuretics |
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What type of anti-hypertensive drug decreases vascular resistance?
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Ace Inhibitors
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Name two Ace Inhibitor drugs -
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Capoten
Vastec |
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What are the side effects of Capoten & Vastec (Ace Inhibitors) -
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fatigue
mood changes headache dry productive cough |
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what type of anti-hypertensive drugs are vaoconstrictors and decrease vascular resistance?
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Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
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What are the side effects of Cozaar & Diovan (angiotensin II receptor blockers)
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URI
HA |
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Name two Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers drugs -
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Cozaar & Diovan
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What type of anti-hypertensive drugs cause smooth muscle relaxation & vascular relaxation?
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Calcium Channel Blockers
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Name two calcium channel blocker drugs -
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Adalat & Norvasc
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What are the side effects of Adalat & Norvasc (Calcium Channel Blockers)
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few side effects
bradcycardia & HA |
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This drug is a sublingual tablet and is rapid acting and is also used as a prophylactic before activity or stressful event -
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Nitroglycerin
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Which anti-hypertensive drug causes a HEADACHE?
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Nitroglycerin
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Name a Nitroglycerin IV drug -
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Tridal
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The following interventions apply to which type of drugs?
Take as prescribed Diuretics increase potassium in diet / may need supplement Avoid increasing sodium foods in diet Avoid OTC cold remedies Rebound hypertension may occur if medication is suddently stopped |
Anti-Hypertensive Drugs
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These type of drugs inhibit formation of blood clots -
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Anti-coagulants
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Name 3 anti-coaglant drugs -
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Heparin
Low Molecular Weight Heparin Coumadin |
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This anti-coagulant interferes with the conversion of prothorombin to thrombin which prevents conversion of fibringoen to fibrin-
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Heparin
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This anti-coagulant can be given IV or SubQ, there is no oral form -
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heparin
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What is the antidote for Heparin & Low Molecular Weight Heparin?
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Protamine
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What are two differences between Heparin & Low Molecular Weght Heparin?
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LMW Heparin has a more predictable response & does not need frequent labs done.
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This anti-coagulant drug interferes with blood clotting by interfering with Vitamin K production -
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Coumadin
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What is the antidote for Coumadin?
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Vitamin K
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How is coumadin administered?
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Usually PO
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What lab tests are needed for coumadin?
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PT or INR
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What is the drug life of coumadin?
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half life is 0.5 - 3 days
duration is 2 - 5 days |
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Name two other types of drugs that affect clotting?
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Anti-platelet agents
Thrombolytics |
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What is the function of anti-platelet agents?
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prevent platelets from sticking together
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Name two anti-platelet drugs -
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ASA
Plavix |
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What is the function of Thrombolytics?
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Breakdown or lyse preformed clots in the blood (clot busters)
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Name two Thrombolytic drugs -
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Streptok
TPA |
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Name the side effects of Angi-coagulant drugs -
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Bleeding / Hemorrhage
Ulcerations, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps |
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The following nursing implications apply to what type of drugs?
-Monitor labs closely -Avoid IM injections if patient is on this type of drug -Check labels on OTC meds for ASA -Care with shaving -Avoid eating alot of Vitamin K foods -Teach signs of bleeding/bruising, black tarry stools, pink or smoky urine, & nose & gum bleeds |
Anti-coagulant drugs
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What labs are needed for Cardiovascular Therapy?
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Various drug levels - Digoxin, Procanamide, PT, PTT
Electrolytes - especially with diuretic therapy |
