Dre Study Guide 2015

Front 1

List the 7 drug categories, and name one drug contained in each category.

Back 1

CNS Depressant - Xanax

CNS Stimulant - Methamphetamine

Hallucinogens - LSD

Dissociative Anesthetic - PCP

Narcotic Analgesics - Heroin

Inhalants - Hair Spray

Cannabis - Marijuana

Front 2

Define "Drug"

Back 2

Any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability of the person to operate a vehicle safely.

Front 3

Which categories do not increase blood pressure?

Back 3

CNS Depressants, Narcotic Analgesics

Front 4

Average range of Blood Pressure for Systolic (high number)

Back 4

120-140

Front 5

Average range for pulse

Back 5

60-90 BPM

Front 6

Chloral Hydrate is included in which category?

Back 6

CNS Depressants

Front 7

Bruxism (grinding teeth) is associated with which category?

Back 7

CNS Stimulants

Front 8

T or F: The finger count is included as a psychophysical test in the 12 step DRE evaluation.

Back 8

False

Front 9

Which leg do you use first on the One Leg Stand test for the DRE evaluation?

Back 9

Left

Front 10

Where is the pulse taken?

Back 10

Left arm radial

Front 11

How much time is estimated during the Modified Romberg test?

Back 11

30 Seconds

Front 12

Which drug categories produce HGN?

Back 12

CNS Depressants, Inhalants, Dissociative Anesthetics

Front 13

The bottom number for blood pressure is called ______________.

Back 13

Diastolic

Front 14

The top number for blood pressure is called ________________.

Back 14

Systolic

Front 15

The average range for pupil size in room light is ____________.

Back 15

2.5-5.0mm

Front 16

Name the categories that slow pupils reaction to light.

Back 16

CNS Depressants, CNS Stimulants, Inhalants

Front 17

How many validated clues are in the Finger to Nose test?

Back 17

None

Front 18

Name the three types of alcohol.

Back 18

Ethanol, Methanol, Isopropyl

Front 19

Where is most alcohol absorbed in the human body?

Back 19

Small intestine

Front 20

Where is alcohol metabolized in the human body?

Back 20

Liver

Front 21

Which category does not elevate pulse rate?

Back 21

Narcotic Analgesics

Front 22

Methamphetamine is also referred to as ____________.

Back 22

Crank

Front 23

MPPP is included in which drug category?

Back 23

Narcotic Analgesics

Front 24

Name the muscle at the bottom of the stomach that allows alcohol to pass through and into the remainder of the body.

Back 24

Pylorus or Pyloric Valve

Front 25

Name the enzyme that helps break down alcohol.

Back 25

Alcohol Dehydrogenase

Front 26

Define Poly Drug use.

Back 26

Where an individual ingests drugs from two or more drug categories

Front 27

The gap or space between two nerve cells is called ___________.

Back 27

Synapse or Synaptic Gap

Front 28

Define "Tachycardia".

Back 28

Abnormally rapid heart rate.

Front 29

Define "Pupillary Unrest".

Back 29

The continuous, irregular change in the size of the pupils that may be observed under room or steady light conditions.

Front 30

Name the psycho-physical test(s) included in the DRE evaluation that have no validated clues.

Back 30

Modified Romberg Balance Test

Finger to Nose Test

Front 31

Define Miosis.

Back 31

Abnormally constricted pupils

Front 32

Define Mydriasis.

Back 32

Abnormally dilated pupils

Front 33

Define Korotkoff sounds.

Back 33

A series of distinct sounds produced by blood passing through an artery, as the external pressure on the artery drops from the systolic range to the diastolic range.

Front 34

How many phases are there when listening to Korotkoff sounds?

Back 34

5 phases

Front 35

BAC = ?

Back 35

BAC = 50 - Angle of onset.

Front 36

Oxycodone belongs to what two sub-categories of Narcotic Analgesics?

Back 36

Opium Derivatives, Synthetic Opiates

Front 37

In the 2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers, what percentage of night time drivers, using both blood and oral fluids tests, tested positive for drugs?

Back 37

16.3%

Front 38

In what year was the LAPD Field Validation Study conducted?

Back 38

1985

Front 39

In what year was the John Hopkins validation study conucted?

Back 39

1984

Front 40

Name the court case that established HGN as admissible in court.

Back 40

State of Arizona V. Blake

Front 41

What must you do if you deviate from the 12 steps during a DRE evaluation?

Back 41

Document in report why and how you deviated from the 12 step process

Front 42

Name in order the steps in the DRE evaluation.

Back 42

1. Breath Alcohol Test

2. Interview of Arresting Officer

3. Preliminary Examination - including 1st pulse, estimation for angle of onset, estimation of pupil size

4. Eye Examination

5. Divided Attention Test

a. Romberg Balance

b. Walk and Turn

c. One Leg Stand

d. Finger to Nose

6. Vital Signs - including 2nd pulse

7. Dark Room Check of pupil size and Ingestion Exam

8. Check Muscle tone

9. Check Injection sites - including 3rd pulse

10. Interrogation, Statements, and other observations

11. Opinion of Evaluator

12. Toxicological Examination

Front 43

Spell the name for the tool used to check blood pressure and correctly identify the main parts of that tool.

Back 43

Sphygmomanometer

-compression cuff

-manometer

-pressure bulb

-pressure control valve

-tubes

Front 44

Identify the average pupil size and the ranges for a non-impaired individual in room light, near total darkness, and direct light.

Back 44

Room light: 4.0 with range of 2.5-5.0mm

Near total darkness: 6.5 with range of 5.0-8.5mm

Direct Light: 3.0 with range of 2.0-4.5mm

Front 45

Blood pressure is measured in what value?

Back 45

mmHg

Front 46

"Hg" in the blood pressure value stands for what?

Back 46

Mercury

Front 47

Define Synesthesia.

Back 47

Mixing of the senses

Front 48

Name the sub-categories of Narcotic Analgesics.

Back 48

1. Natural Opiates also known as Derivatives of Opium

2. Synthetics

Front 49

Define Synthetic Narcotic Analgesics.

Back 49

produced chemically in a laboratory and are not derived from Opium but produce similar effects.

Front 50

Define Analgesic.

Back 50

Pain reliever

Front 51

What is the known active ingredient in Cannabis?

Back 51

Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol or THC

Front 52

"Speedball" is street name for what combination?

Back 52

Cocaine and Heroine

Front 53

"Poor Man's Speedball" is street name for what combination?

Back 53

Heroin and Ampheti

Front 54

"Fireball" is street name for what combination?

Back 54

Heroin and PCP

Front 55

"Space Base" is street name for what combination?

Back 55

"Crack" Cocaine and PCP

Front 56

"Primo" is street name for what combination?

Back 56

"Crack" Cocaine and Marijuana

Front 57

"Croak" is street name for what combination?

Back 57

"Crack" Cocaine and Methamphetamines

Front 58

Name the three reasons for the Drug Evaluation process.

Back 58

1. Establish that the subject is impaired

2. Rule out medical impairment

3. Determine the category of drugs involved

Front 59

Describe the "Frye Standard".

Back 59

Procedure or principle espoused, accepted by the relevant scientific community - traditional test for admissibility of "new" scientific evidence.

Front 60

What year was the Frye Standard set by the Supreme Court?

Back 60

1923

Front 61

How long should an evaluator wait before taking the subjects blood pressure again in the same arm?

Back 61

3 minutes

Front 62

What should be done just prior to taking the subject's blood pressure and why?

Back 62

Pulse should be taken before blood pressure because the pulse would be inaccurate if taken after.

Front 63

Describe Rebound Dilation.

Back 63

A period of pupillary constriction followed by a period of pupillary dilation where the pupil steadily increases in size and does not return to its' original constricted size.

Front 64

Describe Bradycardia

Back 64

Abnormally slow heart rate

Front 65

Name three types of Nystagmus.

Back 65

1. Post Rotational

2. Opto-Kinetic

3. Drug Induced

Front 66

Name the systems of the human physiology

Back 66

Muscular, Urinary, Respiratory, Digestive, Endocrine, Reproductive, Skeletal, Integumentary, Nervous, Circulatory

Front 67

Describe Homeostasis.

Back 67

Dynamic Balance, or steady state, involving levels of salts, water, sugars, and other material in the body's fluids.

Front 68

What is unique about the Pulmonary artery.

Back 68

The only artery that carries de-oxygenated blood.

Front 69

What system is driven by the left side of the heart and controls the blood flow to the whole body.

Back 69

Systemic System

Front 70

What system is driven by the right side of the heart and controls the blood flow through the lungs.

Back 70

Pulmonary System

Front 71

The gap between two neurons is called _______________.

Back 71

Synapse or Synaptic gap

Front 72

The "Fight or Flight" responses in the body are controlled by the _____________ _______________.

Back 72

Sympathetic Nerves.

Front 73

The body's natural pain killers are _____________.

Back 73

Endorphins

Front 74

The nerves that relax and create tranquil activities in the human body are ______________ ________________.

Back 74

Parasympathetic Nerves

Front 75

Describe "Downside Effect".

Back 75

When the body reacts to the presence of a drug by releasing hormones or neurotransmitters to counteract the effects of the drug consumed.

Front 76

Diazepam is also known as _____________.

Back 76

Valium

Front 77

Describe Metabolite.

Back 77

A chemical product formed by the reaction of a drug with oxygen and/or other substances in the body.

Front 78

Nerves that carry messages away from the brain are ________________ __________________.

Back 78

Efferent Nerves (Motor Nerves)

Front 79

Nerves that carry messages to the brain are _____________ ________________.

Back 79

Afferent Nerves (Sensory Nerves)

Front 80

________________ carry blood away from the heart

Back 80

Arteries

Front 81

What are the two types of nerves that make up the autonomic nervous system?

Back 81

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nerves

Front 82

Vital signs that are relevant to the drug influence evaluation are:

Back 82

Pulse, Blood Pressure, Body Temperature

Front 83

Pulse is recorded in _______ _______ __________

Back 83

Beats per minute (BPM)

Front 84

Describe Arrythmia.

Back 84

Abnormal heart rhythm

Front 85

Why do you not use your thumb to take pulse readings?

Back 85

Because your thumb has its' own pulse

Front 86

Describe the Daubert Standard

Back 86

Shows reliability before scientific evidence can be admitted.

Front 87

Name the most commonly abused drug of the Narcotic Analgesics.

Back 87

Heroin

Front 88

Name the three types of Inhalants.

Back 88

1. Volatile Solvents

2. Aerosols

3. Anesthetic Gases

Front 89

Define Hypotension.

Back 89

Abnormally low blood pressure

Front 90

Define Hypertension.

Back 90

Abnormally high blood pressure

Front 91

Name the two individuals who played a major role in the development of the DRE program.

Back 91

Dick Studdard - LAPD Traffic Officer

Len Leeds - LAPD Narcotics Officer

Front 92

The Johns Hopkins laboratory validation study used what drugs?

Back 92

Secobarbital, Valium, Amphetamine, Marijuana

Front 93

At what step(s) in the 12 Step DRE evaluation is the pulse taken?

Back 93

3, 6, 9

Front 94

What measurement are the diameters of the pupils measured in when using a pupillometer?

Back 94

millimeters

Front 95

Name the four validated clues in the One Leg Stand test.

Back 95

Sways, Hops, Uses arms for balance, Puts foot down

Front 96

Name the eight validated clues of the Walk and Turn test.

Back 96

Instruction Phase: Starts too soon, looses balance

Performance Phase: Stops while walking, misses heel to toe, steps off line, uses arms to balance, improper turn, incorrect number of steps

Front 97

Name the validated clues for the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus.

Back 97

Lack of Smooth Pursuit, Distinct and Sustained Nystagmus at maximum deviation, angle of onset of nystagmus

Front 98

Define Physiology.

Back 98

The study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.

Front 99

Name the three types of muscles in the human body.

Back 99

Heart or cardiac muscle, smooth muscles, striated muscles

Front 100

Hormones are secreted from glands in which system of the body?

Back 100

Endocrine System

Front 101

Name and describe the parts of a neuron.

Back 101

Axon - sends the neurotransmitters

Dendrite - Receives the neurotransmitters

Synapse or Synaptic Gap - Gap between two neurons

Front 102

Name a sympathomimetic and parasympathomimetic drug.

Back 102

Sympathomimetic - Cocaine (Stimulants)

Parasympathomimetic - Valium (Depressants)

Front 103

Define "Medical Rule-Out".

Back 103

A determination made by a DRE that the condition of a suspected impaired driver is more likely related to a medical issue that has affected the subjects's ability to operate a vehicle safely.

Front 104

What vein carries oxygenated blood?

Back 104

Pulmonary Vein