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89 Cards in this Set
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goitrogens are:
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contain goitrin.
inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormone. |
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endemic goiter:
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insufficient iodine from the diet
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diet for gout:
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wt reduction
purine |
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high purine foods
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broth
anchovies sardines organ meats sweetbreads herring mackeral |
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gout medications:
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urate eliminant
colchicine side effects? |
loss of nutrients
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macronutrients in gout diet?
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CHO liberal
Pro: moderate fat: low to moderate |
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what would happen without galactosemia?
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galactose 1 phosphate
would be converted to glucose 1 phosphate |
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diet for galactosemia?
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galactose and lactose free
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foods to be avoided in galactosemia?
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organ meats
msg extenders milk whey casein curds ca or na caseinate dates bell peppers |
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foods that are surprisingly ok for galactosemia?
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hydrolyzed casein
lactate lactic acid lactalbumin pure msg |
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urea cycle defects diet
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pro: 1-2 g/kg
therapeutic formulas |
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PKU test?
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Guthrie blood test
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can you have any phenylalanine in PKU?
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yes. just enough for normal growth.
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need for Phe as you age?
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decreased need
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need for Phe in infection?
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decreased
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homocystinurias characterized by:
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severe elevated methionine and homocysteine (and excretion of this in urine)
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essential amino acids
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threonine
valine tryptophan isoleucine leucine lysine phenylalanine methionine histidine |
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is tyrosine essential?
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nope
(but it is in growing kids) |
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homocystinurias are?
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inherited amino acid metabolism problems
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homocystinurias may have which low nutrients?
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b6 and b12
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supplement new homocystinuria pts with these nutrients:
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folate
b6 b12 |
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diet for nonresponsive homocystinuria pts?
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low protein
low methionine |
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lupus deficiencies: 5
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iron
folate calcium fiber b12 |
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this dz may look like celiac symptoms:
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lupus
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reabsorb and remove bone?
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osteoclasts
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reform bone
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osteoblasts
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type 1 osteoporosis?
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postmenopauseal (w/in 15 - 20 years)
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type 2 osteoporosis?
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age associated
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osteoporosis causes?
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inadequate protein
lack of estrogen lack of exercise |
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amount of vit d to treat osteoporosis?
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400 - 800 mg
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calcium amount to treat osteoporosis
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>1200 mg
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phenobarbital interferes with this nutrient?
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calcium
to compensate the problem? |
vit d supplements
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max g of CHO on ketogenic diet?
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30 g max
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supplements with epilepsy:
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calcium
vitamin d folate b6 b12 |
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phenytoin used for:
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epilepsy
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protein for decubitus ulcer
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1.2 - 1.5 g/kg
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how much vit c supplemented w/ ulcers?
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500 - 1000
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how much of total body immunity is in GALT?
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50%
70-80% of total body immunoglobulin production. |
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max dextrose in PN?
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70% dextrose solution
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%s aa solutions in PN?
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3 - 15%
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protein for PN? g/kg
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1 - 1.5 g/d
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kcal for PN? kcal/kg
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35 - 50 kcal/kg
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start PN rate at? (kcal/kg)
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20 - 25 kcal/kg
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max fat in PN? g/kg and %
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1 g/kg or 25-30% energy
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when to NOT use PN?
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cardiac instability
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IVFE of what % can prevent ess. FA def?
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2-4%
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petechiae is:
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ess FA def.
red spots. |
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highest concentration of dextrose used in peripheral nutr?
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10%
(unlike 70% for reg PN) |
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protein % in peripheral nutr?
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3- 15%
Same as regular PN |
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IVFE of 10% = ?kcal/cc
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1.1 kcal/cc
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IVFE of 20% = ?kcal/cc?
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2 kcal/cc
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peripheral solutions generally limited to ___ mOsm
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800-900 mOsm
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enteral formulas 1 cc/kcal. what % water?
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80 - 86%
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enteral formulas 1.5 cc/kcal. what % water?
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~75%
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2 kcal/cc formulas. what % water?
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~70%
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when to use chem definied formulas?
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malabsorption
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AminAid is?
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low protein
high kcal - 2 kcal/cc for renal. |
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pulmocare formula
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high fat
low carb aka respalor |
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cheapest formulas:
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intact protein
isotonic (osmolality is close to blood) |
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SOP stands for:
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standsards of practice in nutrition care
NCP? |
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SOPP
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standards of professional performance.
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SODFP
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scope of dietetic practice framework.
3 blocks determine whether a service is w/in your scope of practice. |
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zinc supplement with pressure ulcers?
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220 mg
(no longer than 2-3 wks) |
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helps in alzheimers?
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soft music
self feeding |
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typical US diet has ___ fe
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6 mg fe/1000 kcal
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high fe foods:
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beef
dried fruits dried legumes nuts |
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most common allergen for infants?
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cow protein
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when can babies eat eggs?
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24 m
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what can babies eat nuts?
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36 m
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when can babies eat fish?
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36 m
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RAST
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serum mixed on paper with food. determines IgE reaction.
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CAP-FEIA is
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blood test for
milk fish egg peanut allergies. |
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DBPCFC
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double blind, placebo controlled food challenges
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vit a for burns?
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10000 units
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trauma results:
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hyperinsulinemia
little/no ketosis increased glucagon |
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4 things released in trauma:
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1. catecholamines (epi, norepi)
2. ACTH 3. aldosterone 4. ADH |
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ACTH effect:
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release of cortisol.
cortisol effect? |
metabolize aa from muscle
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physical effects of hormones released from trauma:
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hypocolemia
hyperglycemia HTN K excretion loss of N loss of Sulfur loss of Zinc loss of Phosphorus |
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xerostomia is:
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dry mouth
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carbonation and Cancer?
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offer it.
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recommended intake for anorexics:
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1200 - 1400 kcal/d ideal
or 100 - 300 kcal over current intake. |
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prader willi caused by
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chromosome 15 deletion
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healthy obese:
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elevated LDL
normal to low HDL |
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obese child definition:
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bmi for sex and age
>95th %tile |
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obese I is
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30 - 35
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obese III is
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>40 bmi
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foods that are anti cavity?
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pH >6
nuts meat cheddar cheese |
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when flourine supplementation should being?
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6 m
(if it's not >0.3 ppm in water) |
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zidovudine side effect?
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macrocytic anemia
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