Dna

Front 1

What are the components of a nucleoside vs. a nucleotide?

Back 1

Nucleoside= base+ sugar

Nucleotide= base+ sugar+ phosphate

Front 2

Draw the structures of the two purines

Back 2

Hint 2

2- ringed structure

Front 3

Draw the structures of the 3 pyrimidines.

Back 3

Hint 3

1 ringed structure

Front 4

Describe the 4 components of purine synthesis.

Back 4

Front 5

Describe the 3 components of pyrimidine synthesis.

Back 5

Front 6

Describe the 5 steps of purine degredation.

Back 6

1) Remove phosphate via hydration

2) Remove amine group via deaminase

3) Add phosphate group via phosphorylase

4) Oxidize to uric acid via xanithine

5) Final product is uric acid

Front 7

Describe the degredation of pyrimidines.

Back 7

1) Cytosine deaminated to uracil

2) Uracil degraded to b-alanine

3) Thymidine degraded to beta-aminoisobutytrate then to urea.

Front 8

Describe the 5 functions of nucleotides.

Back 8

Front 9

Describe the synthesis of deoxyribose and thymidine with regard to applications in DNA synthesis, chemotherapy, and function of B-12 folate.

Back 9

Front 10

Describe the primary structure of DNA.

Back 10

nucleobases linked by 3' to 5' phosphodiester bonds with chain growth from 5' to 3'.

Front 11

Describe secondary structure of DNA.

Back 11

Double-stranded , antiparallel, twist in to helix (alpha helix & beta pleated sheet)

Front 12

Describe the tertiary structure of DNA.

Back 12

Prokaryotes- circular DNA supercoiled into compact rings

Eukaryotes- Involve nucleosomes( histone proteins to induce supercoiling. Packed into solenoid. Condensed into chromatin. Wrapped on scaffolding proteins.

Front 13

Explain the steps of the cell cycle.

Back 13

Front 14

Distinguish between replication, transcription, translation, and reverse transcription and the enzymes that catalyze these reactions.

Back 14

Front 15

In what phase of the cell cycle does replication occur?

Back 15

S- phase