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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vaccine
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substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens and introduced into a body to produce immunity
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Virulent
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referring to the deadliness of a disease-causing agent
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Transformation
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the transfer of genetic material from one organism to another; first ovserved by Griffith
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bacteriophage
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virus that infects bacteria
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Double helix
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spiral-staircase structure characteristic of the DNA molecule
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nucleotide
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Subunit of nucleic acids consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar; and a phosphate group
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deoxyribose
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five carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides
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Base-pairing rules
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the rule stating that in DNA adenine on one strand always pairs with a thymine on the opposite strand and guanine on one strand always pairs with a cytosine on the opposite strand
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complementary
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characteristic of nucleic acids in which the sequence of bases on one strand determines the sequence of bases on the other
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DNA replication
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the process of making a copy of DNA
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DNA helicase
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enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases during DNA replication
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replication fork
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a Y-shaped point that reesults when a double helix of DNA separates so that it can be copied
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DNA polymerase
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emzyme that catalyzes the replication of DNA by adding complementary nucleotides
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