Dna Structure And Replication/ Rna Structure

Front 1

DNA

Back 1

deoxyribonucleic acid, genetic material, found in the nucleus of each cell

Front 2

Nitrogenous bases

Back 2

Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

Front 3

Deoxyribose

Back 3

the sugar group in nucleotides

Front 4

Nucleotide (three parts)

Back 4

phosphate group--sugar (Deoxyribose)--nitrogenous base (A, T, C, G)

Front 5

Double stranded

Back 5

DNA has two strands each one with nucleotides on it.

Front 6

Complementary base pairing

Back 6

the two strands in DNA bond (covalent) with the opposite nitrogenous base (on the nucleotide) A/T C/G

Front 7

DNA polymerase

Back 7

during DNA replication the DNA polymerase attaches to each strand and moves along base by base adding the right complementary base each time. Always moves in the 3' to 5' direction. One strand is made completely and the other is made in segments.

Front 8

DNA helicase

Back 8

during DNA replication the DNA helicase unwinds the DNA Double Helix and breaks the hydrogen bonds between each base pair, makign the DNA into two strands.

Front 9

DNA ligase

Back 9

peices the segments of DNA together

Front 10

Replication fork

Back 10

the splitting regions during DNA replication, there are many to speed up the process

Front 11

Hydrogen bonds

Back 11

(bonds in which water molecules have a natural pull towards eachother) in DNA they create the double helix shape and make the bonds between each base pair

Front 12

Purines

Back 12

Guanine
Adenine

Front 13

Pyrimidines

Back 13

Cytosine
Thymine

Front 14

Semi-conservative replication

Back 14

because only half of the original DNA molecule is conserved in each new strand

Front 15

Watson and Crick/ Wilkins and Franklin

Back 15

Watson and Crick took the first pictures of DNA, which Watson and Crick then use to come up with the structure of DNA.

Front 16

Chargaff’s Rules

Back 16

that DNA should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases