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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hyperglycemic inducing drugs
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corticosteroids
PI niacin loops thiazides atypicals( Ol Ri Qu Ar Cl Zi) Immunosuppressants DIAZOXIDE PENTAMIDINE |
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DKA lab abnorms
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glucose > 300
ketones in blood/urine acidodic pH low bicarb (22-28) |
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DKA tx
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insulin
potassium hydration |
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ADA and AACE goals for A1C
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ADA= < 7 (6 is better)
AACE= <6.5 6= 126 7 = 154 |
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pre prandial goals
post prandial goals |
pre pran goal = <130
post pran goal = < 180 |
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LDL goals
TG goals HDL goals HTN goals |
LDL goal is 100 (70 is CVD risk, MI HTN HF)
TG goal is 150 HDL is > 40 men and >50 women HTN goals 130/80 |
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ACE I or ARB
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ACE always unless renal insuficiency
(Scr >1.5, macroalbuminuria, HTN) |
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HCTZ or LOOP
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HCTZ IF > 30 CREATININE
LOOP IF < 30 |
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ASA tx
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if CV risk is greater than 10%
if greater than 50 in men and 60 in females and if CVD or HTN, or Smoking, HDL, almbuminuria dose is 81 EC or 162 allergy give plavix |
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metformin notes
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first line unless A1c is >10 or FBG>250
folate and B12 suplementation considered |
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Metformin S/E
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GI
Lactic acidosis C/I is scr >1.5(1.4 females) |
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Meformin weight gain yes or no?
hypo glycemia yes or no? |
weight neutral
and no hypoglycemia |
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metformin counseling
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take with food
if taking BID take with two biggest meals if taking ER take at evening meal |
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Sulfonylurea comments
MOA |
dont give with insulin or meglitinides
works at pancreas |
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S.U agents considerations
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ADA recommends against using
glyburide and chlorpromide because longer acting glipizide can dose BID unless XL take 30 mins before meals GLimepiride max dose of 8mg QD take with meals glyburide take 30 mins before meals micronized gluburide have better absorption ( micronaized 3 mg = 5mg glyburide) |
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sulfonylurea weight gain yes or no?
hypo glycemia yes or no? |
weight yes hypoglycemia yes
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administration of SU
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take with food QAM if BID take QAM AND DINNER
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MEGlitinides comments
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shorter acting than SU,
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MEGlitinides admin
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take 15-30 mins before food
if meal skipped skip dose |
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MEGlitinides weight gain yes or no?
hypo glycemia yes or no? |
no weight gain
yes hypo glycemia |
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MEGlitinides interactions
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lopid and prandin = hypoglycemia therfore use fibrates
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hypo glycemic drugs
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OH
azole SMX/TMP penicillamine pentamidine both hypo and hyper quinine phenytoin quinolones pramlintide |
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TZDs hypoglycemia yes or no
weight gain yes or no |
low BG no
weight gain yes |
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TZDs admin
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with or with out food
anytime dosing |
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tzds S/E and warnings
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BBW
HF S/E edema weight gain CHF hepatic CV risk |
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alpha glucosidase inhibs
Warnings/ side efftcs |
GI
hepatic C/I IBS |
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alpha glucosidase inhibs MOA
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inhibs the breakdown of sucrose to frutose and glucose
and delays glucose absorption |
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alpha glucosidase inhibs admin
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take with first bite of meals
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alpha glucosidase inhibs counseling
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if hypoglyemia induced u cant use sucrose containing products (candy).
alpha glucosidase inhibs dont induce hypoglycemia alone but if taken in combo with a SU or meglitinide or insulin hypoglycemia may occur BUY GLUCOSE TABS |
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alpha glucosidase inhibs
weight gain yes or no hypoglycemia yes or no |
no hypoglycemia no weight gains
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DDP iV inhibs MOA
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extend incretin life and enhance the incretins
incretin released in response to meals which stimulate insulin |
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DDP IV inhibs counseling
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take QAM with or with our food
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DDP IV inhibs S/E
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pancreatitis
upper resp. infection |
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DDP IV inhibs weight gain yes or no?
hypoglycemia yes or no? |
no to both
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GLP-1 agonists MOA
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increase insulin and decrease glucagon, slows gastric emptying promotes satiety and weight loss
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GLP-1 agonists
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use in
TYPE II DM ONLY |
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exenatide brand?
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byetta
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byetta dosing
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5mg BID SC in the abdomen(pref.) thigh, arm
with in 60 mins of morning and evening meals at least 6 hours a part |
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liraglutide brand
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victoza
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victoza dosing
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SC QD with out regard to meals
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victoza BBW
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thyroid carcinoma
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insulin admin
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abdomen prefered site
rapid with food or stat PC NPH 15 mins AC Regs and mixs 30 mins AC BASAL QHS |
