Diversity Final Exam Vocab Part 1

Front 1

Anti-Semitism

Back 1

Having anti-Jewish prejudices or stereotypes or engaging in discrimination against Jews

Front 2

Assimilation

Back 2

A process whereby immigrants adopt cultural traits of the host country in order to be identified with that country and integrated into the immediate society

Front 3

English OnlyMovements

Back 3

A movement in various states demanding that legislatures make English the official language of the state, with the eventually goal of having the federal government make English the official languages go the United States

Front 4

Eugenics

Back 4

The study of agencies under social control that may improve or repair the racial qualities of future generation, either physically or mentally

Front 5

Nativism

Back 5

An anti-immigratant ideology advocating the protection of "native" inhabitants of a country from new or potential immigrants who are viewed as threatening or dangerous

Front 6

Oppression

Back 6

when any entity intentionally or unintentionally distributes resources inequitably, refuses to share power, imposes ethnocentric culture, and/or maintains unresponsive and inflexible institutions toward another entity for its supposed benefit and rationalize its actions by blaming or ignoring the victim

Front 7

Xenophobia

Back 7

Fear of or prejudice against people from other nations

Front 8

Yellow Peril

Back 8

The term for the belief that Chinese and Japanese immigrants could never be assimilated into American culture and therefore threatened the unity of American society

Front 9

Atheism

Back 9

A belief that God does not exist

Front 10

Deism

Back 10

A belief that God created the world and the system of natural laws that governed the world, but was not a presence (and did not play a role) in everyday life

Front 11

EstablishedChurch

Back 11

When one church is declared the official faith of a political unit (a colony or state) and tax revenues are used to fund this church

Front 12

Religious Freedom

Back 12

The right to worship in any church of one's choice consistent with that church's belief and practices

Front 13

Sectarian

Back 13

A perspective on diverse Christian churches or sects in which an individual regards his or her own sect as the "true faith"

Front 14

Secular

Back 14

The civic culture of a society not reflective of religious perspective

Front 15

Androgyny

Back 15

The interchangeability of male and female roles and responsibilities in all areas beyond fundamental biological ones

Front 16

CulturalSexism

Back 16

The societal promotion of negative beliefs and practices that reinforce rigid gender roles in which men are traditionally accorded a superior role in society while women are assigned to subordinate roles;

Front 17

Feminist

Back 17

A woman or man committed to the struggle for the social, economic , and personal rights of women and men; an advocate for equality between women and men

Front 18

Glass Ceiling

Back 18

An informal upper limit that keeps women and minorities from being promoted to positions of greatest responsibility in work organizations

Front 19

IndividualSexism

Back 19

Prejudiced attitudes and behavior demeaning to women, or to men, because of beliefs about gender and gender roles, demonstrated whenever someone responds by saying or doing something degrading or harmful about persons of the other gender

Front 20

InstitutionalSexism

Back 20

Established laws, customs, and practices in a society that allow systematic discrimination against people or groups based on gender

Front 21

Sexism

Back 21

An attitude, action, or institutional structure that subordinates or limits a person on the basis of sex

Front 22

Sexual Harassment

Back 22

Deliberate and repeated behavior that has a sexual basis and is not welcomed, requested, or returned

Front 23

CulturalHeterosexism

Back 23

The societal promotion of negative beliefs and practices that reinforce dominant culture traits that define heterosexuality as the norm and anything else as deviant and unacceptable

Front 24

DomesticPartnership

Back 24

An intimate, committed relationship between two individuals of legal age who are financially and emotionally interdependent, share the same residence, and intend to remain together indefinitely

Front 25

Heterosexism

Back 25

The systematic oppression and exploration of bisexuals, lesbians, gay men and transgender individuals, especially policies and practices reinforcing heterosexuality as the only option for relationships and families

Front 26

Homophobia

Back 26

The culturally influences fear and hatred of homosexual persons, acts, and events

Front 27

Homosexual

Back 27

A normative moral category of sexual identity referring to exclusive lifelong sexual desire and erotic relations with the same gender

Front 28

IndividualHeterosexism

Back 28

Prejudiced attitudes and behavior against other based on the assumption that sexual orientation other than heterosexual are unnatural

Front 29

InstitutionalHeterosexism

Back 29

Established laws, customs, and practices in a society that allow systematic discrimination against people or groups who are not heterosexual

Front 30

LGBT

Back 30

An acronym identifying a group defined by sexual orientation and consisting of lesbians, gay men, bisexuals and transgender people

Front 31

SexualOrientation

Back 31

The sexual identity of an individual based on lifelong sexual fantasies, desires, and practices

Front 32

Transgender

Back 32

A person whose gender identity or gender expression does not conform to concepts conventionally associated with his or her biological gender

Front 33

The Lemon Test

Back 33

Government action unconstitutional if:

-it lacks a secular purpose

-its primary effect advances or inhibits religion

-Fosters an excessive entanglement with religion

Front 34

TheEndorsement Test

Back 34

Government agency unconstitutional if:

-favor one religion over another, or

-favor religion over non-religion

Front 35

The CoercionTest

Back 35

Religious activity is unconstitutional if it pressures students to participate

Front 36

The First Amendment

Back 36

Prohibits Congress from passing laws:

-Respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise of religion

-Infrining the freedom of speech, and freedom of the press

-Limiting the right to peaceably assemble, and the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances

Front 37

Jihad

Back 37

a war fought by Muslims to defend or spread their beliefs

"Holy war"

"Striving"

Front 38

Islam

Back 38

Submission (to God's Will)

There is no god but God

Muhammad is His Prophet (God's messenger)

Quran

Front 39

Ableism

Back 39

The determination of an individual's abilities based on his or her disabilities; any policy or practice promoting the belief that disabled people are inferior to able-bodied persons to justify discrimination against people with disabilities