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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where do osmotic diuretics and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors act in the kidney?
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Proximal convoluted tubule
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What type of drug is Manntiol?
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Osmotic diuretic (reduces intracranial pressure and promotes excretion of toxic substances)
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What type of drug is Acetazolamide?
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (used for acute moutain sickness, glaucoma)
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Where in the kidney do Loop Diuretics work?
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Ascending Loop of Henle (most powerful agents)
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What type of drug is Furosemide and what is it used to treat?
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Loop Diuretic (frontline for treating edema in CHF, also treats edema, actue hypercalcemia, ascites, HTN)
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What is the mechanism of action of Loop Diuretics?
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Inhibition of coupled Na/Cl/K transport system (net effect = increased excretion of Na, Cl, K, and Mg)
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Where do the Thiazide diuretics act in the kidney?
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Distal convoluted tubule (second most powerful agents, inhibits Na/Cl cotransporter)
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What is Chlorothiazide used to treat?
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HTN, adjunct for edema including HF, prevention of kidney stones, nephrogenic DI
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What are the side effect of agents like Chlorothiazide?
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hyokalemia, hypercalcemia, hyperurecemia, glucose intolerance
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Which hormone promotes the uptake of Na in exchange for the secretion of K ions and is release from the adrenal cortex?
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Aldosterone
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What type of drugs are Spirolactone and Triamterene?
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Potassium sparing diuretics (lower loss of K in exchange for Na in the collecting duct)
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What hormone determines the water permeability of the collecting duct and is released from the posterior pituitary?
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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What are the 2 types of diabetes insipidus and what is the difference and how do you treat them?
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Central DI- inadequate ADH release from posterior pituitary (collecting duct impermeable to water and none of it is absorbed), treat by replacement of ADH, ex. Desmopressin
Nephrogenic DI- absence of tubular response to ADH (also thiazides), treat with thiazide diuretic and mild salt restriction |
