Diseases Of The Urinary And Reproductive Systems

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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS BACTERIA

E.coli - most common

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Disease: Urinary Tract Infections

Pathogenesis/ Symptoms:
Pain in the lower abdomen and when urinating. Cloudy urine, blood in the urine, and kidney infection may occur in more severe cases.

-Attach to urinary tract cells with fimbriae.
-Proteus species are the second most common cause.

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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS BACTERIA

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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Disease: Gonorrhea

Pathogenesis/Symptoms:
Few symptoms in women (often not recognized). Painful urination and discharge of pus in men.

-Gram-negative cocci.
-The appearance of gram-negative cocci in a genital swab or pus is usually sufficient to initiate treatment for gonorrhea.
-may cause eye infections in newborns if passed from mother during birth.

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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS BACTERIA

Chlamydia trachomatis

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Disease: Chlamydia

Pathogenesis/ Symptoms:
Often mild in men and asymptomatic in women.

-May cause eye infections in newborns if passed from mother during birth.
-Obligate intracellular parasites.

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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS BACTERIA

Treponema pallidum

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Disease: Syphilis

Pathogenesis/Symptoms:
Initial sore at site of infection, then later skin lesions, then cardiovascular and nervous system damage in last stages.

-a spirochete

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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS VIRUS

herpes simplex virus 2

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Disease: Genital herpes

Pathogenesis/ Symptoms:
Remains latent in the sacral nerves. Reactivation causes eruptions usually on the external genitalia.

-HHV-2
-25% of U.S. adults over 30 are infected.

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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS VIRUS

human papilloma viruses (HPV)

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Disease: Genital warts

Pathogenesis/ Symptoms:
1. virus stimulates cell division
2. small growths develop, usually benign

-some HPVs cause skin or cervical cancer.

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URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS FUNGI

Candida albicans

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Disease: Yeast Infections (candidiasis)

Pathogenesis/ Symptoms:
Severe itching; white, spotty patches on skin; cheesy discharge that may smell yeasty

-Normal microbiota of the vagina (and mouth).
-Rish of infection increases during antibiotic therapy when protective bacterial microbiota are eliminated.