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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the digestive system? |
A system mechanically and chemically reduces food to particles and molecules small enough to be absorbed |
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5 tasks of complete digestive systems |
Food storage, digestion, nutrient absorption, waste concentration, elimination |
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the human digestive system is ________ |
tubular system |
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What is salivary amylase? |
Enzyme that breaks starch into glucose |
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What prevents your food from entering your airway? |
epiglottis |
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What joins the esophagus and stomach? |
sphincter |
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Where are carbohydrates first broken down? |
mouth |
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Where are proteins firsr broken down? |
stomach |
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What are the stomachs three jobs? |
mixes and stores food secretes substances to dissolve food and controls passage into small intestine |
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What are the 4 components of gastric fluid? |
Hydrochloric acid and mucus and enzymes and proteins |
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label the parts of the digestive system |
look at diagram |
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What does the small intestine do? |
absorbs fluid |
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what is absorption? |
digestive food is taken in by cells |
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elimination |
removal of undigested food from digestive system |
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pharynx |
Entrance to tubular part of system that moves food by contractions |
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bolus |
chewed clump of food that leaves mouth |
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esophagus |
Muscular tube that moves food from pharynx to the stomach |
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parystalsis |
Rhythmic series of smooth involuntary muscle contractions that push food through digestive system |
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stomach |
Elastic muscular sac capable of holding up to two liters of food |
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functions of hydrochloric acid |
Breaks apart the cells in food Kills bacteria that is swallowed with food activates enzyme pepsin |
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pepsin |
Enzyme that starts the chemical digestion of proteins |
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chyme |
acidic liquid which leaves the stomach |
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small intestine |
Where digestion is completed and absorption takes place |
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duodenum |
Where chemical digestion of carbs proteins and lipids are completed with aid of the liver and pancreas |
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villi |
Finger like projections or folds in the lining of the small intestine to increase surface area for food absorption |
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liver |
produces bile which is secreted into duodenum storied in gall bladder and not an enzyme |
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pancreas |
Makes pancreatic juice which is secreted into duodenum neutralizes stomach acids contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates proteins and lipids |
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large intestine |
Absorbs water and eliminate feces |
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Where are lipids first broken down? |
Are broken down by bile salts that were stored in the gallbladder by lipases that come out of the pancreas |
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kidneys |
Constantly filters water and all solutes except proteins from blood reclaims water and solute as the body requires and excretes the remainder of urine |
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nephrons |
Smallest functional unit of the kidney |
