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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ingestion
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Intake of food
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Digestion
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Breakdown of food
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Absorption
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Uptake of nutrients/food
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Compaction
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Consolidating food
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Digestive tract
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Muscular tube extending from mouth to anus
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Mucosa
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Inner lining of digestive tract. Secretes and absorbs
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Epithelium
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stratified squamous or simple columnar
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Lamina propria
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Loose connective tissue
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Muscularis mucosae
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Smooth muscles that tense mucosa
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Submucosa
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Loose CT containing BV, lymph vessel, glands
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Submucosa Plexus
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nerve fibers. Control movement of muscularis mucosae and glands.
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Muscularis externa
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muscles that contract to move food through digestive tract
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Submucosal layer (Meissner)
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Controls movement of muscularis mucosa and gland secretions
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Enteric
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"gut"
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Plexus
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nerves
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Mes-
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"middle"
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Visceral
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wraps around
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Myenteric plexus
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nerve fibers that control peristalsis
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Serosa (visceral Peritoneum)
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thin layer of areolar tissue. Simple squamous
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My-
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muscle
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Visceral peritoneum
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covers external surfaces of most digestive organs
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Parietal peritoneum
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serous. Lines abdominal cavity
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Mesenteries
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CT suspension-holds organs in middle gut
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Posterior mesentery
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separates and forms serosa around organs
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Lesser omentum
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(small) mesentery from liver to stomach
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Greater omentum
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(larger) covers small intestines
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Mesocolon
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anchors the colon to posterior wall
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Mouth
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ingestion of food, taste, chewing, etc.
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Cheeks and lips
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retain food and push between teeth for chewing
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Labial frenulum
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attaches lip to gum
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"fren"
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bridle/bit--control
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Tongue
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manipulates food. extracts particles from teeth
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Lingual papillae
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site of the taste buds
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Lingual frenulum
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attaches tongue to mouth
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Palate
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separates oral and nasal cavities
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Palatine rugae
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"rough" roof of mouth
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Uvula
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projection of soft palate. retains food in mouth
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Alveolus
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tooth socket
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Periodontal ligament
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anchors tooth in alveolus
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Gingiva
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gum tissue
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Crown
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tooth above gum
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Root
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tooth below gum. Embedded in alveolar bone
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Dental caries
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tooth decay
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Gingivitis
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gum inflammation
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Saliva
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moistens and cleanses mouth. begins chemical digestion
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"amyl-"
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starch
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ase-
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enzyme
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Salivary amylase
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enzyme. For starch digestion
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Lingual lipase
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enzyme digests fat after swallowed
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Mucus
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lubricates
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Lysozyme
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enzyme kills bacteria
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IgA
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antibacterial antibody
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Parotid gland
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anterior to earlobe
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submandibular gland
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below mandible
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Sublingual gland
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floor of mouth
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Medulla Oblongata
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coordinates salivation
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Pharynx
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funnel. connects oral cavity to esophagus
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Esophagus
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Transports bolus to stomach
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Swallowing
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Coordinated by Medulla Oblongata
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Peristalsis
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Moves bolus in esophagus
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Stomach
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muscular sac/upper L abdomen
Mechanically/Chemically breaks up food |
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Rugae
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Wrinkles in wall of stomach
Aids in stretch of stomach |
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3 types stomach tissue
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1. longitudinal
2. oblique 3. circular |
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Gastric pits
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Depressions where gastric juices originate in stomach
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Mucus
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protects mucosa. Prevents enzyme destruction of cells
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HCL
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Hydrochloric Acid: Activates Pepsinogen
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Pepsinogen
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Digest protein
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Protein
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Stomach digests
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Intrinsic Factor
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necessary for absorption of Vit B12
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Duodenum
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Chemical digestion site
Fat digestion site |
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Chyme
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3 mL in duodenum at a time to assist digestion
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Vomiting
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Initiated by Medulla Oblongata
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Hiatal Hernia
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"piece of stomach"
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Cephalic Phase
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Senses stimulate vagus nerve
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Gastric Phase
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Food stretches stomach
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Intestinal Phase
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gastrin stimulates stomach/secretes acid
duodenum secretes CCK R/T fat in chyme. |
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Peptides/Amino Acids
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Broken down proteins
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Duodenum
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Secretes CCK and secretin in response to chyme
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CCK
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signals stomach to stop digestion
Stimulates secretion bile and pancreatic enzymes |
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Liver Location
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Upper Right abdomen/inferior to diaphragm
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Hepatic Lobules
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hexagonal cylinders
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Central Vein
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passes down core of lobule
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Secretin
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Stimulates liver and pancreas to secrete bicarbonate
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CCK and Secretin
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Suppress gastric secretion and motility
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Hepatocytes
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Cuboidal cells. Radiate from central vein
Produce bile. |
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Hepatic sinusoid
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blood filled chambers
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Hepatic triad
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vein, artery and bile ductile.
Blood in/bile out. |
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Hepatocyte Function
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Produce Bile.
Absorb/store glucose/amino acids/iron and vitamins. Secretes hormones/bile |
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Hepatitis
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Inflammation of liver
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Gallbladder
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Stores bile
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Bile
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emulsifies fat
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Bilirubin
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derived from decomposition of Hgb
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Bile acids
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steroids. From cholesterol/aid in fat digestion/absorption
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3 Tissue Layers
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Lamina Propria
Epithelium Muscularis mucosae |
