Digestive Histo I

Front 1

What are the components of the:
1. Oral cavity
2. Muscular alimentary canal
3. Glandular, Accessory Organs

Back 1

1. Teeth, tongue
2. Esophagus, stomach, intestines, anus
3. Major salivary glands (Parotid gland, submandibular gland, sublingual gland), liver, exocrine pancreas, gall bladder

Front 2

What type of epithelium is found in the oral cavity?

Back 2

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium in the gum, hard palate

Nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium in the soft palate, lips, cheeks, floor of mouth

Front 3

What are the two structural regions of a tooth, and what is the junction between them, and what type of epithelium is the jxn surrounded by?

Back 3

1. Crown, Root (in mandible or maxilla)
2. Neck
3. keratinized stratified squamous epithelium (gingiva)

Front 4

What are the 5 components of a mature tooth?

Back 4

1. central pulp cavity - mesenchymal, vascularized, innervated
2. Enamel- hard thin, layer of hydroxyapatite covering the crown
3. Dentin- made of mineral and EC matrix, surrounds pulp cavity
4. Cementum - avascular, bonelike tissue (calcified w/ collagen), covers dentin in root, softer than dentin
5. Periodontal ligament - fibrous CT that anchors tooth into alveolar socket of bone by Sharpey's fibers; rapid turnover

Front 5

1. What produces enamel?
2. What produces Dentin?
3. What produces cementum?

Back 5

1. Ameloblasts (ectodermal origin)
2. Odontoblasts (neural crest)
3. cementocytes

Front 6

What is the fxn of odontoblasts?

Back 6

produce dentin, keep tooth alive and make it possible for dentin to repair itself in case of a broken tooth; processes reach from enamel-dentin edge to pulp cavity; sensitive to pain

Front 7

What are dentinal tubules?

Back 7

permeate dent; passageway to pulp cavity

Front 8

How are dental caries initiated

Back 8

decalcification of enamel by acid-producing bacteria acting on food particle trapped on enamel surface

Front 9

What is periodontitis?

Back 9

inflammatory process that affects supporting structures of teeth (ligaments, alveolar bone, cementum); progressive inflammation leads to loss of attachment cuased by complete destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone; possible loosening and eventual loss of tooth

Front 10

1. what is a tongue papilla?

Back 10

1. elevation of oral epithelium and lamina propria

Front 11

What are the 5 types of tongue papilla, and do they have tastebuds?

Back 11

1. Filiform - most common; No taste buds
2. Fungiform- TB on apical surface
3. Foliate- poorly developed in humans
4. Circumvallate- taste buds in trench margin
5. taste buds - onion shaped 50-100 cells

Front 12

What two large structures are present in the tongue mucosa?

Back 12

1. papillae
2. lymph nodes

Front 13

What are 3 characteristics of tongue circumvallate papillae?

Back 13

1. surrounded by a trench- margin lined by taste buds
2. Serous glands of von Ebner (secretes a lipase) empty into base of trench
3. Distributed in V region in posterior portion of tongue

Front 14

What is saliva? what are 5 fxns?

Back 14

Hypotonic water secretion
1. moisten food
2. present material to taste buds
3. buffer food with bicarbonate
4. digest sugars with amylase
5. kill bacteria with enzyme lysozyme

Front 15

What is the 3 structural components of the major salivary glands of the oral cavity?

Back 15

1. capsule - dense irregular CT
2. Septa - divide gland into lobes and lobules
3. nerves, blood vessels, and ducts present in septa

Front 16

What is an acinar group?

Back 16

spherical mass of cells joined together by jxnl complexes with lumen in center

Front 17

What is an enzyme secreted by serous cells?

Back 17

amylase

Front 18

what is a secretion of mucous cells?

Back 18

glycoproteins (mucin) - moistens and lubricates

Front 19

What immunoglobulin is secreted by plasma cells in the salivary duct system? What layer are the plasma cells located in?

Back 19

IgA, lamina propria

Front 20

How are salivary ducts arranged from beginning to end?

Back 20

Secretory end pieces -> intercalated ducts -> striated ducts -> interlobular (excretory) ducts

Front 21

What two types of salivary ducts are considered intralobular ducts?

Back 21

intercalated and striated ducts

Front 22

What are characteristics of striated ducts?

Back 22

1. radial striations extending from bases of cells to level of central nuclei
2. Have folds in basal surface = numerous mitochondria, increase SA
3. have high density ion pumps

Front 23

How does epithelium change in interlobular ducts from proximal to distal?

Back 23

proximal - pseudostratified/stratified cuboidal
Distal - stratified columnar with a few mucus-secreting cells

Front 24

In the parotid gland, what are:
1. the 2 structural features
2. is it mucous or serous
3. What does it produce?
4. How is the gland arranged?

Back 24

1. capsule and septa
2. serous
3. salivary amylase (digests carbohydrates)
4. branched acinar

Front 25

In the submandibular gland, what
1. gland arrangement
2. 2 structural features
3. what does it produce
4. mucus or serous

Back 25

1. compound tubuloacinar
2. capsulated with septa
3. mixed serous/mucus
4. amylase (serous) lysozyme (serous demilune cells)

Front 26

In the sublingual gland:
1. Serous or mucus?
2. Which is dominant?

Back 26

Mixed
Mucus is dominant, what little serous is seen is often serous demilune

Front 27

In the minor salivary gland:
1. strucure?
2. mucous or serous and the exception
3. What are its lymphatic aggregates associated with?

Back 27

1. nonencapsulated, found in oral mucosa and submucosa
2. usually mucous except for von Ebner's glands (serous)
3. Associated with IgA secretion