Diagnostic Tests For Micro

Front 1

Measles

Back 1

Clinical findings, direct fluorescent antibody (urine)

URINE!

Front 2

Mumps

Back 2

Clinical, serology

Front 3

Parainfluenza

Back 3

DFA and PCR and culture

Front 4

RSV

Back 4

Rapid antigen test, DFA, PCR (not used clinically)

Front 5

HMV

Back 5

PCR, DFA

Front 6

RUBELLA

Back 6

Detection of IgM
anti-rubella antibodies

Front 7

CORONAVIRUS

Back 7

PCR: stool has higher yield than respiratory droplets

Front 8

ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE

Back 8

Rapid antigen, culture, serotyping

Front 9

ADENOVIRUS

Back 9

DFA, culture, PCR

Front 10

POLIO

Back 10

Serology

Front 11

COX VIRUS

Back 11

Viral culture (from stool, nasopharynx), PCR

Front 12

DENGUE

Back 12

Detection of anti-DenV IgM in serum, PCR

Front 13

YELLOW

Back 13

Detection of IgM in serum, PCR

Front 14

WEST NILE

Back 14

Detection of IgM in serum, PCR

Front 15

RABIES

Back 15

DFA on nape of neck biopsy, PCR, negri bodies (viral nucleocapsids in cytoplasm of some infected cells-)

Front 16

Babesia microti

Back 16

Peripheral smear  maltese cross and rings in RBC

Front 17

HEP A VIRUS

Back 17

Look for anti HAV IgM (acute)
anti HAV IgG (prior)

Front 18

HBV

Back 18

Vaccine: only anti-HBs

PCR (HBV DNA)

Front 19

HCV

Back 19

Serology: anti-HCV antibody; PCR for HCV RNA; biopsy

Front 20

HDV

Back 20

HDAg S and L

Front 21

HEV

Back 21

Clinical

Front 22

HIV

Back 22

- ELISA for anti-HIV antibodies;

PCR for plasma viral RNA (the “viral load”)

Front 23

ROTAVIRUS

Back 23

ELISA, latex agglutination in stool, PCR, EM

Front 24

NOROVIRUS

Back 24

Usually Clinical; Difficult to culture, but can use PCR, ELISA, or EM

Front 25

HPV

Back 25

Usually Clinical;
Difficult to culture!!!!!!, but can use PCR, ELISA, or EM

Front 26

MEASLES

Back 26

Clinical findings, direct fluorescent antibody (urine)
URINE!!!

Front 27

MUMPS

Back 27

clinical, serology

Front 28

Rubella

Back 28

Detection of IgM
anti-rubella antibodies

Front 29

HSV 1&2

Back 29

Culture, DFA, PCR, Tzanck smear

Front 30

VZV

Back 30

History of chicken pox, clinical.

Front 31

EBV

Back 31

Monospot test- IgM heterophile (nonspecific) antibody

Front 32

CMV

Back 32

Owl’s eye inclusions, bxp and culture, PCR,
urine cultures

Front 33

HHV 6,7

Back 33

CLINICAL

Front 34

HHV8

Back 34

history of AIDS, clinical

Front 35

candida albicans

Back 35

KOH test (Germ tube), blood culture

Front 36

Cryptococcus neoformans

Back 36

PAS & silver stain,
India ink (Halo – capsule so thick, doesn’t take stain),

Serology (capsular antigen in blood and CSF)

Front 37

Histoplasma capsulatum

Back 37

Urine antigen test,
Visualization on sputum with silver stain,
peripheral blood smear,
culture

Front 38

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Back 38

Broad-based budding of yeast

Front 39

Coccidioides immitis

Back 39

Spherule in culture, PPD-like skin test

Front 40

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

Back 40

Culture of biopsy or bronchoalveolar lavage --> Mariner’s wheel

Front 41

Penicillium marneffei

Back 41

binary fission in yeast phase

Front 42

Zygomycetes(mucor/rhizopus)

Back 42

biopsy staining

Front 43

Aspergillus

Back 43

Biopsy, culture, staining

Front 44

PCP

Back 44

Silver stain or DFA of sample- sputum or bronchiolar lavage

Front 45

Malassezia

Back 45

Scraping stained with KOH showing
both yeast and hyphal forms

Front 46

Eumycetomas(madurella grisea)

Back 46

BIOPSY

Front 47

Sporothrix schenckii

Back 47

Biopsy, culture