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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sulfonylureas |
release insulin, increase sensitivity |
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common side effect of sulfonylureas |
hypoglycemia |
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less serious side effects of sulfonylureas |
weight gain, nausea, headache, blood dyscrasias |
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when to take sulfonylureas? |
take before meals |
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amaryl, glucotrol, Dia Beta |
sulfonylureas |
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biguanides |
decrease production of glucose, decrease insulin resistance |
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serious side effect of biguanides |
lactic acidosis |
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common side effects of biguanides |
weight loss, N/V/D, vit B deficiency with long term use |
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when to take biguanides? |
take with food |
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do not use biguanides when... |
renal or liver dysfunction |
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glucophage |
biguanide |
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alpha-glucosides inhibitors |
block enzymes in small intestine responsible for break down of carbs; glucose digestion dylayed |
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common side effects of alpha-glucoside inhibitors |
gas, n/v/d, upset stomach |
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when to take alpha-glucoside inhibitors |
take with first bite of food |
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does alpha-glucoside inhibitors typically cause hypo? |
no; rarely causes hypo |
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precose, glyset |
alpha-glucosideases inhibitor |
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thiazolidinediones, glitazones |
reduce resistance/ inhibit hepatic gluconeogensis |
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optimal results for thia. |
3-4 mos with therapy |
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common side effects of thia |
fluid retention, weight gain, reduce bone density |
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thia causes hypo; true or false |
false; rarely causes hypo |
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serious side effects of thia |
CHF, MI |
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when to take thia |
take at same time/day |
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actos, avandia |
thia; glitazone |
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meglitinides |
release insulin from islets |
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when to take meglitinides |
before meal |
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do not use meglitinides in pts with... |
renal/hepatic impairment |
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common sx of meglitinides |
hypo, flu like sx, URI, back pain, n/v/d
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prandin, starlix |
meglitinides |
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incretin enhancers |
stop glucagon production |
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two different types of incretin enhancers |
GLP-1, DPP-4 |
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oral or subq injection for incretin enhancers? |
subq injection |
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incretin enhancers work, how? |
insulin stimulators, glucose suppressor |
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common side effects of incretin enhancers |
headache, n/d, weight loss
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serious side effects of incretin enhancers |
hypo, renal impairment, tremors, palpations |
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GLP-1 |
rarely cause hypo; same time/day |
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byretta, bydureon, victoza |
GLP-1 |
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DPP-4 |
prevent breakdown of incretins; hormones increase = bigger response; hypo, anaphylaxis |
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onglyza, januvia, tradjenta |
DPP-4 |
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goal for a1c |
7 (123-185); 154 |
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dx of a1c |
6 (100-154); 126 |
