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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sulfonylureas
(name 4) |
Tolbutamide, glyburide, glipizide, chlorpropamide
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Sulfonylureas
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-stimulate release of endogenous insulin
-close K ch to depolarize cell and release insulin (d/t increase Ca influx) -can cause hypoglycemia |
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Metformin
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mechanism unknown: may inhibit gluconeogenesis and increase glycolysis
- can ->lactic acidosis |
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Glitaziones
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increase target cell response to insulin
toxicity: wt gain, hepatotoxic (troglitazone) |
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alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
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Acarbose, miglitol
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Acarbose
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inhibits intestinal brush border alpha-glucosidase: delays hydrolysis of sugars and absorption of glucose -> decreased postprandial hyperglycemia
toxicity: GI disturbances |
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Insulin receptor mechanism
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Tyrosine kinase activity
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Insulin actions in liver
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increase storage of glucose as glycogen
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Insulin actions in muscle
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Stimulates glycogen and protein synthesis and K uptake
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Insulin actions in adipose
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facilitates triglyceride storage
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Insulin clinical use and toxicities
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1. diabetes
2. life-threatening hyperkalemia 3. stress-induced hyperglycemia Tox: hypoglycemia |
