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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A 13-y/o boy with type I diabetes is brought to the hospital complaining of dizziness. Lab findings include severe hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and a blood pH of 7.15
To achieve rapid control of the severe ketoacidosis in this diabetic boy, the appropriate antidiabetic agent to use is |
Crystalline zinc insulin
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A 13-y/o boy with type I diabetes is brought to the hospital complaining of dizziness. Lab findings include severe hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and a blood pH of 7.15
The most likely complication of insulin therapy in this patient is |
hypoglycemia
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A 24-y/o woman with type I diabetes wishes to try tight control of her diabetes to improve her long-term prognosis. Which regimen is most appropriate?
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Morning injections of ultralente insulin, supplemented by small amounts of insulin lispro at mealtimes
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Which one of the following drugs promotes the release of endogenous insulin?
a. Acarbose b. Glipizide c. Metformin d. Miglitol e. Pioglitazone |
B. Glipizide
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An important effect of insulin is
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Increased glucose transport into cells (GLUT2-liver, GLUT4-muscle)
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A 54-y/o obese patient with type 2 diabetes and a history of alcoholism probably should not receive metformin because it can increase the risk of
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lactic acidosis. Biguanides, especially the older drug phenformin, have been associated with lactic acidosis. Thus, metformin should be avoided in patients with conditions that increase the risk of lactic acidosis, including alcoholism.
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Which of the following drugs is taken during the first part of a meal for the purpose of delaying the absorption of dietary carbohydrates?
A. Acarbose B. Glipizide C. Nateglinide D. Pioglitazone E. Repaglinide |
A. Acarbose
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The PPAR-g receptor that is activated by thiazolidinediones increases tissue sensitivity to insulin by
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regulating transcription of genes involved in glucose utilization
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Which of the following drugs ist MOST likely to cause hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?
A. Acarbose B. Glyburide C. Metformin D. Miglitol E. Rosiglitazone |
B. Glyburide. The insulin secretagogues, including the sulfonylurea glyburide, can cause hypoglycemia as a result of their ability to increase serum insulin levels. The biguanides, thiazolidinediones, and a-glucosidase inhibitors are euglycemics that are unlikely to cause hypoglycemia when used alone.
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Which of the following patients is MOST likely to be treated with IV glucagon?
a. An 18-y/o woman who took an overdose of cocaine and now has a BP of 190/110 b. A 27-y/o woman with severe diarrhea caused by a flare in her IBD c. A 57-y/o woman with type 2 diabetes who has not taken her glyburide for the past 3 days d. A 62-y/o man with severe bradycardia and hypotension resulting from ingestion of an overdose of atenelol e. A 74-y/o man with lactic acidosis as a complication of severe infection and shock |
D. Glucagon acts through cardiac glucagon receptors to stimulate the rate and force of contraction of the heart. Because this bypasses cardiac beta-receptors, glucagon is useful in the treatment of b-blocker induced cardiac depression
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