Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
In males, what does the mesonephric (Wolffian) duct become? Tubule?
|
VD, epididymis, ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle, open into UG sinus. Efferent tubule.
|
|
|
What is Nephroblastoma/Wilm's Tumor? What region of the kidney does it being and migrate to? What is it associated with?
|
A neoplasm in children that begins in the medulla and progresses to the cortex. It's associated with horseshoe kidney. p8
|
|
|
What causes Patent Urachus?
|
Connection between umbilicus and bladder via allantois does not close - urine out of belly button.
|
|
|
What is Epispadius?
|
Urethra out of top of penis.
|
|
|
The ureteric bud and metanephric mesechyme derive from what tissue?
|
Intermediate mesoderm.
|
|
|
At the location where the mesonephric duct bends medially to enter the cloaca, what forms?
|
The Ureteric Bud - this is the earliest definitive kidney. (see pg 3)
|
|
|
Where is the ampulla found? What is its role? What happens to it before birth? How can the kidney continue to grow?
|
At the dialated end of the uretic bud. It's role is to induce continued branching of the nephron. It disappears before birth at about 32 weeks. Continues to grow by increasing interstitial tissue.
|
|
|
What is the urachus.
|
Thick fibrous cord remnant of the allantois.
|
|
|
What is renal dysplasia
|
Nonfunctional kidney due to cysts or primitive ducts.
|
|
|
How are you going to remember Autosomal Recessive vs Autosomal Dominant type polycystic kidney disease?
|
Recessive = small kids and small cysts
Dominant = large cysts and large people |
|
|
What is hydronephrosis
|
Distension of the renal pelvis and calices due to obstruction of the urinary flow - usually at ureter-pelvic junction.
|
|
|
Urethral agenesis
|
Increased incidence in males - associated with obstruction of urinary flow from the bladder - Prune Belly
|
|
|
What is the origina of cells of the adrenal cortex
|
Proliferation of the coelomic epithelial cells.
|
|
|
Esophageal atresia can lead to ? bc the fetus can't swallow anything.
|
Polyhydramnios
|
|
|
What is the condition where there is not enough amniotic fluid?
|
Oligohydramnios - (Hole-igohydramnios)
|
|
|
What does the adrenal trophoblast produce to stimulate cortex early during dev? Also, what does the pituitary produce to stimulate the cortex later in development?
|
hCH. ACTH.
|
|
|
What is the origin of the adrenal cortex? What is the definitive adrenal cortex developed from?
|
Coelomic epithelial. Developed from a second wave of ceolomic epithelium.
|
|
|
Since the placenta cannot make steroid precursors, where does it get it from?
|
Mother
|
|
|
Where do cells from the adrenal medulla originate?
|
Neural crest cells.
|
|
|
Failure of what to close causes this type of hernia where intestines are up in the lung.
|
Pleura-peritoneal membrane doesn't close and causes a diaphragmatic hernia.
|
|
|
where does hematopoeisis initially develop? Try to describe general order with months.
|
In the yolk sac (1-2mo) --> Live and Spleen (1.5-7mos) --> bone marror 4 mos.
|
|
|
What are the four L to R hear defects?
|
VSD, ASD, Endocardial Cusion defects, Patent ductus arteriosus
|
|
|
Describe VSD - what direction of blood flow? If it's at the muscular portion or membranous, which will resolve itself?
|
Interventricular septum is missing. There is L to R flow. Muscular will resolve itself bc it can grow.
|
|
|
Between VSD and ASD, which one is more common among kids and adults?
|
Kids = VSD
Adults = ASD |
|
|
What is ASD and which way does blood flow?
|
Atrial septal defect and blood flows L to R.
|
|
|
Which heart defect is associated with DS? What's the problem here and which way does blood flow? How might you distinguish this from other defects?
|
Endocardial Cusion (AV) Defect. All walls of heart form poorly. Blood flows L to R. Poor valve development.
|
|
|
What's wrong in patent ductus arteriosus? With what meds can this be resolved?
|
The ductus arteriosus does not close and causes L to R shunting. Endomethicin.
|
|
|
What are the four terrible T's and which way does blood flow?
|
These have defects causing R to L blood flow:
Truncus arteriosis Transposition of Great Vesicles Tricuspid Atresia Tetralogy of Fallot |
|
|
What is the most common cyanotic CHD?
|
Tetralogy of Fallot
|
|
|
What are the four components of Tetralogy of Fallot?
|
1. Pulmonary stenosis/hypoplastic infundibulum
2. VSD 3. Overriding aorta 4. Right ventricular hypertrophy |
|
|
What happens in transpostion of the great vessels?
|
1. Outlet vessel connections are reversed
2. Separate, parallel pulmonary and systemic circulation 3. No murmur 4. Cyanosis birth to 1-2 days. |
|
|
What happens in Truncus Arteriosus
|
There's a single outlet vessel - all arteries are connected to it.
VSD is present Several variations **Lack of neural cells causes this. |
|
|
you didn't make notes for obstructive heart defects - see 10/10/11 notes pg 6
|
a
|
