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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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category hierarchy
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categories that are related by set-subset relations, such as animal/dog/poodle
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perceptual categorization
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the grouping together of objects with similar appearances
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superordinate level
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the most GENERAL level within a category hierarchy
- e.g. ANIMAL/dog/poodle superordinate - basic - subordinate level |
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subordinate level
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the most SPECIFIC level within a category hierarchy
- e.g. animal/dog/POODLE superordinate - basic - subordinate level |
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basic level
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the middle level, and often the FIRST level learned, within a category hierarchy
- e.g. animal/DOG/poodle superordinate - basic - subordinate level |
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naive psychology
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a COMMONSENSE level of understanding of desires, beliefs, and actions of people
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theory of mind
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a basic understanding of HOW THE MIND WORKS and how it influences behavior
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false-belief problems
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tasks that test a child's understanding that OTHER people will act in accord with their OWN BELIEFS even when the child knows that those beliefs are INCORRECT.
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theory of mind module (TOMM)
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a hypothesized brain mechanism devoted to understanding other human beings
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pretend play
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make-believe activities in which children create new symbolic relations, e.g. using a broom to represent a horse
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object substitution
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a form of PRETENSE in which an object is used as something other than itself
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sociodramatic play
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activities in which children enact MINIDRAMAS with other children or adults, such as "mother comforting baby"
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essentialism
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the view that living things have an ESSENCE inside them that makes them what they are.
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egocentric representations
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coding of spatial locations relative to one's OWN BODY, without regard to the surroundings
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dead reckoning
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the ability to keep TRACK continuously of one's location relative to the STARTING POINT and thus go directly back to it
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numerical equality
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the realization that all sets of N objects have something in common.
e.g. two dogs, two cups, and two balls all share the property of "twoness" |
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subitizing
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a process by which adults and children can look at a few objects and IMMEDIATELY KNOW HOW MANY objects are present.
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