Developmental Psych Exam 1

Front 1

1. Pyschologists who study orderly and sequential changes that occur in behavior with the passage of time are studying what?

Back 1

Development

Front 2

2. The four main issues of developmental psych. are describing, explaining, predicting, and ________ developmental changes

Back 2

Controlling

Front 3

3. What domains of development entails changes in weight, height, organ structures and processes, and skeletal, muscular, and neurological features?

Back 3

Physical Development

Front 4

4. Those changes that occur in mental activity, including sensation, perception, memory, thought, reasoning, and language are studied in the field of________ development?

Back 4

Cognitive

Front 5

5. Those changes that concern a person's personality, emotions, and relationships with others are known as ________ development?

Back 5

Evolutionary

Front 6

6. Developmental psychologists studying psychosocial development assume what?

Back 6

Physical, cognitive, and emotional-social factors are intertwined

Front 7

7. When a particular biological potential such as the ability to walk, automatically unfolds in a set, irreversible sequence, we refer to this process as what?

Back 7

Maturation

Front 8

8. The more or less permanent modification in behavior that results from the individual's experience in the environment is called what?

Back 8

Learning

Front 9

9. An advocate of the ecological approach believes that the study of developmental influences must include what?

Back 9

The individual's changing physical and social settings

Front 10

10. Which ecological system includes the social structures that directly or indirectly affect a person's life, such as school, work, the media, gov. agencies, and various social networks?

Back 10

Mesosystem

Front 11

12. Each generation's member experience certain decisive economic, social, political, and military events at similar junctures in life; these are referred to as what?

Back 11

Normative age-graded influences

Front 12

13. Unique turning points at which people change some direction in their lives (such as divorce, winning the lottery, or being severely injured in an accident) are called what?

Back 12

Nonnormative life events

Front 13

14. A person's ________ functions as a reference point that allows people to orient themselves in terms of what or where they are within various social networks.

Back 13

Age

Front 14

15. The social heritage of a people (those learned patterns for thinking, feeling, and acting that are transmitted from one generation to the next) is called

Back 14

Culture

Front 15

16. All societies are divided into social layers that are based on time periods in life, which psychologists call what?

Back 15

Age strata

Front 16

17. It seems that a new stage has emerged between adolescence and adulthood called:

Back 16

Emerging adulthood

Front 17

18. What are characteristics of a theory?

Back 17

A set of interrelate statements that provides an explanation for a class of events.

Front 18

19. The major function of a theory is to what?

Back 18

organize our observations and info meaning in a way that would otherwise be chaotic.

Front 19

20. Sigmund Freud's theory suggests that individuals pass through various ______ stages

Back 19

psychosexual

Front 20

21. According to Freud's view, the unconscious is important because _______?

Back 20

It stems from impulses buried below the level of awareness.

Front 21

22. A major premise of Freudian theory is that fixation occurs when ______?

Back 21

A person becomes addicted to the pleasures of a given stage.

Front 22

23. What is a criticism of psychoanalytic theory?

Back 22

Difficult to evaluate because it makes few predictions that can be scientifically tested.

Front 23

24. In contrast to Freud's concern with psychosexual development, Erik Erikson emphasized what?

Back 23

Psycho-social development

Front 24

25. Erikson concluded that the personality continues to develop over the life span in _____?

Back 24

Psychosocial stages of development

Front 25

26. According to Maslow's theory, what are the fundamental needs?

Back 25

Food, drink, sex drives, and safety needs

Front 26

27. Behavioral theorists look at the interaction between what?

Back 26

Classical and operant conditioning/ behavior and learning in the environment

Front 27

28. Operant conditioning is derived from?

Back 27

the consequences of a particular behavior

Front 28

29. Reinforcement occures when ______?

Back 28

an event strengthens the probability of another event occurring.

Front 29

30. Behavior modification uses _____ to change behaviors?

Back 29

Reinforcement

Front 30

31. According to Piagetian theory, when a child engages in the process of assimilation, he or she is ____?

Back 30

Adapts to the assimilation by interpreting new knowledge.

Front 31

32. According to the Piagetian theory, when a child engages in the process of accommodation, he or she is ______?

Back 31

changing their concepts of the world.

Front 32

33. The difference between Lewin's field theory and Bronfrenbrenner's ecological theory is the concept of what?

Back 32

Bron: developing individual and the changing environ.
Lew: for change to take place, the total situation has to be taken into account

Front 33

34. Sex cells (sperm and ova) are called what?

Back 33

Gametes

Front 34

35. A normal adult male's sperm production can be affected by what?

Back 34

Health, work, temperature

Front 35

36. The principal male sex hormones are?

Back 35

Testosterone and androsterone

Front 36

37. The primary female reproductive organs, the ovaries, produce mature ova and the female sex hormones _____?

Back 36

Estrogen and progesterone

Front 37

38. The optimal time for fertilization (conception) to occur within the menstrual (ovarian) cycle is?

Back 37

At the middle of the cycle

Front 38

39. Fertilization actually takes place in what female reproductive structure?

Back 38

Oviduct (Fallopian tube)

Front 39

40. If pregnancy fails to take place, the decreasing level of hormones leads to menstruation, about ___ days after ovulation.

Back 39

14

Front 40

41. Long threadlike structures made of protein and nucleic acid containing hereditary materials are known as _____?

Back 40

Chromosomes

Front 41

42. The first step in cloning is?

Back 41

Nuclear Transplantation

Front 42

43. Humans have ___ genes in each cell?

Back 42

20,500

Front 43

44. A medical diagnostic procedure, used by physicians to identify hereditary defects before an infant's birth, that draws out fluid from the sac surrounding the fetus is called?

Back 43

Amniocentesis

Front 44

45. The placenta is the organ that does what?

Back 44

Doesn't permit passage of blood cells

Front 45

46. During the 5th prenatal month, the mother generally begins to feel the spontaneous movements of the fetus know as what?

Back 45

quickening

Front 46

47. Most pregnancies end with the birth of a normal, healthy baby. However, about what percent of all conceptions result in spontaneous abortion?

Back 46

15%

Front 47

48. Rh-negative disorder is one in which the infant may be given intrauterine transfusion because?

Back 47

The mother has already been sensitized to Rh+ blood by several other pregnancies.

Front 48

49. A woman's obstetrician suggests to her that he needs to get a sample of amniotic fluid from her fetus. Why?

Back 48

To test for genetic and chromosomal problems

Front 49

50. Regina, a first-time mother, tells you she is expecting quintuplets. What does this suggest to you?

Back 49

In vitro fertilization