Development Across The Life Span Ch 4

Front 1

the principle that growth follows a pattern that begins with the head and upper body parts and then proceeds down to the rest of the body

Back 1

Cephalocaudal Principle

Front 2

the principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward

Back 2

Proximodistal Principle

Front 3

simple skills typically develop separately and independently, but are later integrated into more complex skills

Back 3

Principle of Hierarchical Integration

Front 4

the basic cell of the nervous system

Back 4

neuron

Front 5

the gap at the connection between neurons, through which neurons chemically communicate with one another

Back 5

synapse

Front 6

a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons and speeds the transmission of nerve impulses

Back 6

myelin

Front 7

the upper layer of the brain

Back 7

cerebral cortex

Front 8

the degree to which a developing structure of behavior is modifiable due to experience

Back 8

plasticity

Front 9

a specific time in one's life, during which one is particularly susceptible to environmental influences relating to some particular facet of development

Back 9

sensitive period

Front 10

repetitive, cyclical patterns of behavior

Back 10

rhythms

Front 11

the degree of awareness than an infant displays to both internal and external stim

Back 11

state

Front 12

unlearned, organized involuntary responses that occur automatically in the presence of certain stim

Back 12

reflexes

Front 13

movement of legs when held upright with feet touching the floor

Back 13

stepping reflex

Front 14

infant's tendency to paddle and kick in a sort of swimming motion when lying face down in a body of water

Back 14

swimming reflex

Front 15

arms of the infant are thrust outward and then appear to grasp onto something

Back 15

Moro reflex

Front 16

infant fans out its toes in response to a stroke on the outside of its foot

Back 16

Babinski reflex

Front 17

infant, in response to a sudden noise, flings out its arms, arches its back, and spreads its fingers

Back 17

startle reflex

Front 18

rapid shutting and opening of eye on exposure to direct light

Back 18

Eye-blinking reflex

Front 19

infant's tendency to suck at things that touch its lips

Back 19

sucking reflex

Front 20

an infant's reflex to clear its throat

Back 20

gagging reflex

Front 21

the theory of how motor skills develop and are coordinated

Back 21

dynamic systems theory

Front 22

the average performance of a large sample of children of given age

Back 22

norms

Front 23

a measure designed to determine infants' neurological and behavioral responses to their environment

Back 23

Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale

Front 24

disorder in which infants stop growing due to a lack of stim and attention as a result of inadequate parenting

Back 24

nonorganic failure to thrive

Front 25

the sorting out, interpretation, analysis, and integration of stimuli involving the sense organs

Back 25

perception

Front 26

the degree of awareness than an infant displays to both internal and external stim

Back 26

state

Front 27

the theory of how motor skills develop and are coordinated

Back 27

dynamic systems theory

Front 28

the average performance of a large sample of children of given age

Back 28

norms

Front 29

a measure designed to determine infants' neurological and behavioral responses to their environment

Back 29

Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale

Front 30

disorder in which infants stop growing due to a lack of stim and attention as a result of inadequate parenting

Back 30

nonorganic failure to thrive

Front 31

the sorting out, interpretation, analysis, and integration of stimuli involving the sense organs

Back 31

perception

Front 32

the approach that considers how information that is collected by various individual sensory systems in integrated and coordinated

Back 32

multimodal approach to perception

Front 33

the action possibilities that a given situation or stimulus provides

Back 33

sffordances