Dev Psych Chap 5

Front 1

what is the unexpected transfer test?

Back 1

a test of false belief in which participants observe that an object moves from location A to location B w/o protagonist knowledge

Front 2

what is the deceptive box task?

Back 2

a test of false belief in which a familiar container such as smarties tube contains smtg other than it's content, show kids smarties box n open it to reveal pencil. then ask the child what other children would think is inside. 3/4 wrong ans smarties

Front 3

what did wimmer & perner find out about children's ability to acknowledge false belief?

Back 3

children above 5 years correctly judged where john will look for chocolate, 4&3 yrs judged john will look at new location

Front 4

what is appearance reality test?

Back 4

a task in which an object has deceptive appearance, as in a sponge painted to look like a rock

Front 5

what did siegal and beattie suggest in children in the unexpected transfer test?

Back 5

suggested that children might misunderstand the time reference in the unexpected transfer test. children gave more correct judgement when question was "before we opened the lid what did u think was inside" and "where will john look first of all"

Front 6

what was the state change experiment by wimmer and karl?

Back 6

experimenter opened the lid of smarties to show smarties and replaced with pencil. then asked children, when u first saw this tube what did u think was inside? 80% of 3/4 yr correctly ans smarties

Front 7

what does cognitive task performance depend on?

Back 7

competence= conceptual understanding required to solve the prob (ToM)

performance= other cognitive skills required to understand and perform the task

Front 8

what does continuous development say about false beliefs?

Back 8

there's early competence that's masked by performance limitations,

task manipulators may enhance performance,

3 yr olds are able to perform above chance

Front 9

what does stage-like development say about false belief tasks?

Back 9

there's a delayed onset view, conceptual change.

performance goes from incorrect to systematically > chance,

dev. change on FB tasks reflects genuine conceptual change,

task demands/ processing limitations do not acc completely for performance

Front 10

Bartsch and wellman devised a test concerning John & Susan, susan cut herself so john went to get bandaid was bandaid box was empty, it's in the white box. Children were asked to explain why he went to the bandaid box. what did the experiment find?

Back 10

children with parents who related scenarios to their children and explain, could understand that john thinks it's inside the box

Front 11

what did lewis et al. confirm about false beliefs in children regarding their siblings?

Back 11

children with siblings were at an advantage at acknowledging false beliefs. ad. was stronger when having older siblings rather than younger.

more siblings, more likely for child to interact with adults,

interaction makes it more likely for child to acknowledge false beliefs

Front 12

what did onishi & baillargeon find about ToM in infants?

Back 12

longer looking when expectation violated, actor's action inconsistent with actor's belief.

1)actor reach in wrong box, when it knows the right box

2)actor reach right box but thinks it's in the other

infants expect people to search for objects consistent with the person's beliefs about location not reality.

Front 13

children were told to lie to adults about the nasty lion being a good lion. and adults were told to rate the children according to sincerity. what did they find?

Back 13

children who were rated most sincere did more poorly on false belief task.

children who did not understand psychological implications felt less guilt to act.

Front 14

what is ToM?

Back 14

ability to understand that other minds hold representations, and the representations guide behaviour