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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were some of the major contributions of Pierre Simone Fournier le Jeune to design? |
-1st published system of typographic measurement -Divided type into points -The Manuel Typographique |
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What were some innovations of John Baskerville to printing and design in the 18th century |
-Typeface Baskerville (more legible) -Richer, blacker ink -Smoother woven paper -Crisper print innovations -sealed wet ink into paper w/ hot cylinders |
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3 New forms that developed in 19th century as a result of industrialization |
-Ads -labels -Poster -Fat Face type -Slab Serif -Sans serif -Ornamented type |
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How did developments in commerce and printing impact design in the 19th century |
-colour lithography -both sides of paper printed on -large ads printed -larger emphasis on advertising -city materials printed -train schedules, flyers, catalogs printed |
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Advantages of lithography compared to wood engraving |
-Larger posters -More like a drawing -Variety of form -Color could be used more |
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Major influences of Arts & crafts movement on design? |
-Use of ornament -concern with craft -improved calligraphy and letter forming -new typefaces -emphasis on form and pattern -interest in letterforms |
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Why is art nouveau considered the initial phase of the modern movement in design? |
It was the first movement to exist without looking to the past. |
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De Stijl is considered a utopian movement. What is meant by this? What did they want to achieve? |
Means: It's a movement associated with an ideal world/ purpose for design. All design was vertical, horizontal, simply geometric. Wanted to achieve: A single style applicable to all art forms |
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The Bauhaus at Weimar |
Conservative -Little support for school -Mostly industrial prototyping |
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The Bauhaus at Dessau |
-Community supported -Bauhaus gave Dessau housing -arts as a partner with industry -More artistic |
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Why were the Bauhaus locations agendas different? |
-Dessau was more supportive and open to experimentation because the Bauhaus gave them housing. |
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Characteristics of Jan Tschicholds Die Neue Typographie |
-Negative space balance -sans serif type -thick rules -asymmetrical -minimal -gridded -no images |
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How and why did Tschicholds ideas about design change later in his career |
-Change: He saw too many similarities between Die Neue Typ. and racism -Thought it was too militaristic -He started designing in traditional style, used icons. Still used space in a modern way. |
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What changes occurred as a result of the invention of the monotype and linotype machines? |
-Less manpower -Faster printing -New typefaces designed with personal style -typefaces named after people |
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The premise and key concepts behind Beatrice Ward's concept of the Crystal Goblet. |
-Design and print should be invisible -Shouldnt intrude on viewer -Concepts: -less is more -passive clarity |
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Encyclopedie de Arts et des Metiers |
-Paris -Period/Style: Transitional/Modern -Stunning illustrations -Orderly layout -went with theme of rationalism |
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The Universal Penman |
-George Bickham -London -Period/Style: Neoclassical -Revived calligraphy -Started desire for contrast in letterforms (thick vs. thin) -Led to invention of elaborate scripts. |
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Euclid's Elements |
-Charles Wittingham -London -P/S: Neogothic -Uses colour for function -Uses careful registration of primary colours -Handles gothic forms in a modern way |
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The Grammar of Ornament |
-Owen Jones -P/S: NeoGothic -used lithography -ads for ornament and colour printing -1st pattern book |
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The Works of Geoffrey Chaucer |
-William Morris P/S: Arts and Crafts -Started using spread as unit -Uses x height -Uses horizontal elements |
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Olympia |
-Jules Cheret P/S: Art Nouveau -Simplified lithography -extended colour effects of litho -made lithography an artistic medium |
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Gismonda Poster |
-Alphonse Mucha P/S: Art Nouveau -Life size poster -Eye level at people's eye level -Posters as an art |
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Priester Matches |
-Lucian Bernhard P/S: Modern -Called Sachplakat (object poster) -minimalist poster -max effect with minimal elements -significance of graphic shapes -Bernhard created a logo with it for himself |
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Rosta Window |
-Vladimir Mayakovsky P/S: Modern/Constructivism -Soviet propaganda -simple,brightly colored -could be understood by uneducated pop -mass advertising -Used colloquial speech -short and informative |
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"Le Soir coucher dans" from Les mots en liberté futuristes
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-Filippo Marinetti P/S: Futurism -Broke restraints of typesetting -collage used -forced eye to move across page -dynamic layout -type used to convey emotions |
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Adolf the Superman |
-John Heartfield P/S: Dada -Photomontage to express new idea -Cut, pasted, and airbrushed to look real -Political satire thru design |
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Universal Lettering |
-Herbert Bayer -P/S: Bauhaus -New sans serif type -based on simple, geometric shapes -completely new, not based on anything -most minimal shapes needed |
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The Compleat Angler |
-Bruce Rogers -P/S: Traditionalism -Interest in letterforms -Small scale presses -limited editions of high quality books like this one -Accomplished book designer |
