Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
184 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
a nativitate |
Existing at birth/from infancy |
Denotes a congenital disability |
|
|
aa |
And abbreviation for the great time Anna used in prescription writing meaning of each |
|
|
|
ab (antecedent) |
Before hand ;notice given previously or condition existing earlier |
|
|
|
Abacterial |
Not bacterial free from bacteria |
|
|
|
Abandonment (of a patient) |
With drawling a patient from treatment without giving reasonable noticed or providing a competent replacement |
|
|
|
Abatement |
I decrease in the severity of pain or symptoms |
|
|
|
Abdomen |
The portion of the body between the thorax and the pelvis |
|
|
|
Abdominal thrust |
Heimlich maneuver |
|
|
|
Abduct |
To draw away from the median line or from a neighboring part or limb |
|
|
|
Abduction |
The process of abducting; opposite of adduction |
|
|
|
Aberrant |
Deviating from the usual or normal course location or action |
|
|
|
Abfraction |
A mechanism that explains the loss of Dentin tissue and tooth enamel caused by flexure and ultimate material fatigue of susceptible teeth at locations away from the point of loading the breakdown is dependent on the magnitude duration and frequency and location of the forces |
|
|
|
Ablation |
amputation or excision of any part of the body or a removal of a growth or harmful substance |
|
|
|
Abnormal |
Departing from the norm however defined departing from the mean of a distribution departing from the usual from a state of integration or adjustment |
|
|
|
Abnormal tooth mobility |
Excessive movement of a tooth within its socket as a result of changes in the supporting tissues caused by injury or disease |
|
|
|
Abrade |
To wear away by friction |
|
|
|
Abrasion |
The abnormal wearing away of a substance or tissue by mechanical process The grinding or wearing away of tooth substance by mastication incorrect brushing methods bruxism or similar causes |
|
|
|
Abrasion dentifrice |
The wearing away or the cementum and dentin of in exposed root by an abrasive containing dentifrice |
|
|
|
Abrasive |
A substance use for grinding or polishing that wear away a material or tissue |
|
|
|
Abrasive polishing agent |
A paste containing sharp edged particles that are moved over the surface of the material with varying pressures and speed movement abrades the surface with microscopic scratches which creates a polished finished |
|
|
|
Abrasive system |
Materials used for polishing and cleansing Common materials include calcium carbonate ,diamond particles ,some aluminum derivatives ,rogue ,and tin oxide |
|
|
|
Abscess |
A localized accumulation of puss in a cavity formed by tissue disintegration |
|
|
|
Gingival abscess |
A superficial perioDontal abscess occurring within the free gingival sulcus surrounding the tooth for frequently caused by the impaction of food |
|
|
|
Periapical abscess |
An abscess involving the apical region of the route alveolus and surrounding bone as a sequela of pulpal disease |
|
|
|
PerioDontal Abscess |
An abscess involving the attachment tissues and alveolar bone as a sequela of Periodontal disease |
|
|
|
Pulpal abscess |
An abscess occurring within pulpal tissue |
|
|
|
Staphylococcal Abscess |
An abscess caused by the bacteria staphylococcus aureus And infectious agent that can be transmitted river saliva and other discharges of the body the incubation period is 4 to 10 days the duration of the abscess varies and is indefinite the bacteria or communicable wit and infectious agent that can be transmitted via saliva and other discharges of the body the incubation period is 4 to 10 days the duration of the ad says varies and is in definite the bacteria or communicable throughout the drainage period Of the lesions and while the carrier state continues |
|
|
|
Absorb |
To suck up To incorporate or a simulate a liquid or a gas into tissue or cells |
|
|
|
Absorbefacient |
Causing absorption or an agent that promotes absorption |
|
|
|
Absorbent |
A substance that causes absorption of diseased tissue taking up by suction |
|
|
|
Absorptiometry Dual energy X-ray |
Standard technique that uses to x-ray beams to diagnose osteoporosis and to assess the efficiency of treatment |
|
|
|
Absorption |
The passage of a substance into the interior of another by solution or penetration The taking up of fluids or other substance by the skin mucus services absorbent vessels or dental materials The process by which radiation imports some or all of its energy to make any material through which it passes |
|
|
|
Absorption coefficient |
The ratio of the linear rate of change of intensity of roentgen rays in a given homogeneous material to the intensity at a given point within the same mass |
|
|
|
Absorption drug |
In dental terms one of the factors that determines the speed and duration of response to a local anesthetic the faster the absorption the higher the chance of systematic toxicity and the lower the duration of effectiveness the rate is altered by route of administration |
|
|
|
Abstinence |
Self-restraint especially from harmful substances or morally questionable behavior’s The intentional decision to refrain from sexual activity especially by unmarried person’s |
|
|
|
Abstraction |
Indicates teeth or other maxillary and mandibular structures that are inferior to their normal position Away from the occlusal plane |
|
|
|
Abuse |
The improper use of program benefits resources and or services by either dentist institutions or patients |
|
|
|
Nitrous Oxide abuse |
Deliberate inhalation of nitrous oxide to produce mood altering effects |
|
|
|
Polysubstance abuse |
Physical dependence on at least three substances That has been classified as habit forming but without any one of the substances having greater importance or influence than the others the concept does not include caffeine or nicotine |
|
|
|
Sexual abuse |
Sexual acts performed with children or with non-consenting adults in a criminal manner |
|
|
|
Intermediate abutment |
In abutment located between the abutments that and the ends of the prothesis |
|
|
|
Abutment |
A tooth root or implant used for support and retention of a fixed or removable Prosthesis |
|
|
|
Multiple abutment |
Abutments splinter together as a unit to support and retain a fix prosthesis |
|
|
|
a. c. |
The abbreviation for ante cibum a Latin phrase used in a prescription writing meeting before eating |
|
|
|
Academy of general dentistry |
Nonprofit international organization dedicated to serving the needs and representing the general interest of dentists |
|
|
|
Acanthesthesia |
A form of Paresthesia experience as numbness tingling or pins and needle’s |
|
|
|
Acanthion |
The tip of the anterior nasal spine |
|
|
|
Acantholysis |
The loosening separation or disassociation of individual prickle cells within the epithelium from their neighbor often seen in conditions such as pemphigus vulgaris and keratosis follicularis |
|
|
|
Acanthosis |
An increase in the number of cells in the prickle cell layer of stratified squamous epithelium with thickening of the entire epithelial cell layer and a Broadening infusing of rete pegs |
|
|
|
Acapnia |
Condition characterized by diminished carbon dioxide in the blood |
|
|
|
Acarbia |
Oh condition in which the blood bicarbonate level is decreased |
|
|
|
Acarbose |
A single drug or in combination with others when diet control is ineffective in controlling blood glucose levels |
|
|
|
Acatalasemia |
A congenital lack of the enzyme catalase In blood and other tissues that leads to a progressive necrosis of the oral tissues |
Takaharas disease |
|
|
Accelerator |
That which increases rapidity of action or function A catalyst or other substance that hastens a chemical reaction |
|
|
|
Prothrombin conversion accelerator 1 |
Considered by some to be a factor serum and plasma that catalyzes the conversion of an active prothrombin to an active form |
|
|
|
Prothrombin conversion Accelerator 2 |
Considered by some to be one of the factors in the blood that accelerates The conversion of active prothrombin to thromboplastin Vitamin K deficiency reduces the activity of this factor |
|
|
|
Acceptability |
Overall assessment of the dental care available to a person or group; includes assessability, cost, Quality results convenience and attitudes of dentists and patients |
|
|
|
Absolute acceptance |
And express and positive agreement to pay a bill according to its text |
|
|
|
Acceptance |
The act of a person to whom something is offered or tendered bought another whereby he receives that which is offered with the intention of retaining it A Contract is not valid without the acceptance of an offer by the party to whom the offer is made either expressly or by conduct |
|
|
|
Conditional acceptance |
In agreement to pay a bill on the for fulfillment of a condition |
|
|
|
Implied acceptance |
And acceptance interpreted by law from the acts Or conduct of the patient |
|
|
|
Access |
Means of approach Surgical preparation of hard or soft tissue to allow entrance To a treatment site and adequate space for Visualization And instrumentation of the field |
|
|
|
Cavity access |
A coronal opening required for effective cleaning shaping and feeling of the plup space |
|
|
|
Computer access |
The process of transferring information into or out of a storage location The time Required to begin and complete the read and write functions of a specified piece of data |
|
|
|
Access flap |
A Periodontal Surgical technique that provides visualization of the root in conjunction with curettage And root planing |
|
|
|
Form access |
The surgical removal of tooth structure sufficient for visualization and instrumentation of a restorative preparation |
|
|
|
Accessibility standards |
Requirements designed by the Americans with disabilities act ADA by which public places must provide Disabled individuals with barrier free access to building forms of communication and modes of transportation |
|
|
|
Accessory |
Providing Complementary or supplementary assistance |
|
|
|
Accident |
Unusual unforeseen event And unusual or unexpected results attending the performance of a usual or necessary act or event Occurring without intent or happening by chance |
|
|
|
cerebrovascular Accident CVA |
apoplexy Resulting from hemorrhage Into the brain or occlusion of the cerebral vessels resulting from Embolism or thrombosis |
|
|
|
Unavoidable accident |
Occurring without fault or negligence |
|
|
|
Accident prevention |
A set of precautionary measures taken to avoid possible bodily harm |
|
|
|
Accidental exposure management |
A set of regulations followed in case of inadvertent Exposure to hazardous materials |
|
|
|
Account |
A basic storage unit in an accounting system |
|
|
|
Account book |
Book in which the financial transactions of a business or profession are entered |
|
|
|
Open account |
A straightforward arrangement between the dentist and the patient for the handling of financial payments due to the dentist and Owed by the patient |
|
|
|
Payable account |
A dollar Amount owed to creditors for items or services purchased from them |
|
|
|
Accountability |
In obligation to periodically disclose appropriate information in adequate detail and consistent form to all contractually involved parties |
|
|
|
Accreditation |
A process of formal recognition of a school or institution for testing to be required ability and performance in in area of education training or practice |
|
|
|
Accretions |
Accumulations of foreign material |
|
|
|
Accrual |
Continually recurring short term liabilities |
|
|
|
Accured interest |
The interest accumulated on a bond since the last payment was made |
|
|
|
Accured needs |
The amount of treatment needed by an individual or a group at any given time |
|
|
|
acebutolol HCL |
Produces fall and blood pressure without reflex trachycardia or significant reduction in heart rate |
|
|
|
Acellular |
Not composed of or having cells |
|
|
|
Acenesthesia |
The loss of the normal perception of one’s own body |
|
|
|
Acesulfame-K |
A synthetic non-nutritive sweetener |
|
|
|
Acetabulum |
Cup shaped attachment site located laterally on the hip bone for the head of the femur |
|
|
|
Acetaminophen |
Thought to block pain impulses by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis |
|
|
|
Acetate |
A salt of acetic acid Short for cellulose acetate the film base for x-rays |
|
|
|
Acetazolamide/Acetazolamide sodium |
Inhibits carbonic anhydrase Activity in proximal renal tubular cells to decrease reabsorption of water sodium potassium bicarbonate |
|
|
|
Acetic acid |
A clear colorless pungent liquid that is miscible with water alcohol glycerin And ether And that constitutes 3% to 5% of vinegar |
|
|
|
acetohexamide |
Causes functioning B cells In the pancreas to release insulin leading to a drop in blood glucose level |
|
|
|
Acetone |
In organic solvent normally present in urine in small amounts but in increased amounts in individuals who have diabetes |
|
|
|
Acetone abuse |
Deliberate inhalation of acetone to produce mood altering effects |
|
|
|
Acetyl groups |
Carbon and hydrogen containing groups required for synthesis of lipids |
|
|
|
Acetylcholine |
An acetate ester of choline that serves as a neurohumoral Agent in the transmission of an impulse in the autonomic ganglia parasympathetic post ganglionic fibers and somatic motor fibers |
|
|
|
Acetylcysteine |
Decreases viscosity Of pulmonary secretions by breaking disulfide links of Mucoproteins |
|
|
|
Achlorhydria |
The absence of free hydrochloric acid in the stomach even with histamine stimulation |
|
|
|
Achondroplasia |
A hereditary disturbance of endochondral bone formation transmitted as a Mendelian dominant factor and resulting in dwarfism |
|
|
|
Achromatopsia |
Total color blindness |
|
|
|
Achromycin V |
Anti-biotic tetracycline hydrochloride |
|
|
|
Achylia |
The absence of hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsinogen in the stomach |
|
|
|
Acid |
A chemical substance that in an aqueous solution under goes disassociation with the formation of hydrogen ions PH levels range from 0 to 6.9 |
|
|
|
Acetic acid |
The acid of vinegar Used to remove calculus from removable dental prostheses |
|
|
|
Acid etchant |
An application of phosphoric acid used to repair enamel surfaces to a sealant placement |
|
|
|
Acid etching |
Treating the tooth enamel Generally with phosphoric acid by removal of approximately 40 MM a rod cross-section to provide retention resin sealant restorative material or orthodontic bracket |
|
|
|
Lactic acid |
A mono basic acid C3H6O3 formed as an end product in the inter-mediary metabolism of carbohydrates |
|
|
|
Nicotinic acid |
One of the vitamins of the B complex group and it’s Vitamir niacinamide specific for the treatment of pellegra In acid (COOH) that forms part of the B complex group of vitamins |
|
|
|
Pantothenic acid |
One of the B complex vitamins A vitamin of the B complex that is widely distributed in food and tissues and important for normal development in certain animals such as chickens and rats |
|
|
|
Acid Phosphatase |
And enzyme found in the kidneys serum semen and prostate gland |
|
|
|
Phosphoric acid |
The principal ingredient of silicate and zinc phosphate cement liquids |
|
|
|
Acid salt |
A salt containing one or more replaceable hydrogen ions |
|
|
|
Strong acid |
An acid that is completely ionize in aqueous solution |
|
|
|
Acid base balance |
And metabolism the balance of acid to base necessary to keep the blood pH level Normal Between 7.35 and 7.43 |
|
|
|
Acidemia |
A decrease pH level of the blood irrespective of changes in the blood by carbonate |
|
|
|
Isovaleric acidemia |
A genetic disorder of amino acid metabolism in which isovaleric acid accumulates in the blood and urine at abnormally high levels; may respond to a low protein diet and the administration of synthetic amino acids |
|
|
|
Acidifier |
I chemical ingredient that maintains the required acidity of the fixer and stop bath solutions in the photographic development process |
|
|
|
Acidogenic |
Generating acid or acidity |
|
|
|
Acidophilic |
Readily stained with acid dyes Growing well in an acid medium |
|
|
|
Acidosis |
A pathologic disturbance of the acid base balance of the body characterized by an excess of acid or inadequate base |
|
|
|
Compensated acidosis |
A condition of acidosis in which the body PH level is maintained within the normal range compensatory mechanisms involving the kidneys or lungs |
|
|
|
Respiratory acidosis |
Acidemia resulting from retention of in excess of carbon dioxide caused by hypoventilation |
|
|
|
Uncompensated acidosis |
Acidosis in which compensatory mechanisms are unable to maintain the body pH level within the normal range |
|
|
|
Acidulated phosphate fluoride |
Topical agent used in prevention of dental caries |
|
|
|
Acinetobactor |
A genius of non-motile aerobic bacteria of the family neisseriaceae that often occurs in clinical specimens |
|
|
|
Acinus |
Saclike cavity present in a gland or the lungs |
|
|
|
Ackerman profit orthogonal analysis |
A taxonomy of malocclusion based on set theory or Boolean algebra which is organized using combinations and permutations of malocclusions within the three planes of space |
|
|
|
Acne |
And inflammatory Papulopustular skin irruption occurring most often in or near the sebaceous glands on the face neck shoulders and upper back |
|
|
|
Acne rosacea |
A condition of the facial skin typically indicated by blushing swelling and the appearance of broken blood vessel‘s in a spider web pattern |
|
|
|
Acne vulgaris |
A common form of acne seen predominately in adolescents and young adults |
|
|
|
Acoustic coupler |
The connection between a phone line and a data set or Modem |
|
|
|
Acoustic turbulence |
Agitation observed influence by mechanical vibrations of an ultrasonic tips; used to disrupt bacteria cell walls |
|
|
|
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS |
A disease caused by a retrovirus known as a human immunodeficiency virus type one HIV 1 |
|
|
|
Acridine |
A dibenzopyridine compound used in the synthesis of dyes and drugs |
|
|
|
Acroanesthesia |
Anesthesia of the extremities |
|
|
|
Acrocephalia |
Acry |
|
|
|
Acrodermatitis |
Any irruption of the skin of the hands and feet caused by a parasitic mite which is a member of the order acrania |
|
|
|
Acrodynia |
A disease that occurs in infants and young children in which manifestations occur with the eruption of the primary teeth |
|
|
|
Acroesthesia |
Increased sensitivity Pain in the extremities |
|
|
|
Acromegaly |
A condition caused by hyperfunction of the pituitary gland in adults Enlargement of the skeletal extremities |
|
|
|
Acrosclerosis |
A special form of scleroderma that affects the extremities head and face and is associated with Raynauds phenomenon |
|
|
|
Acrylic |
Formed from acrylic acid |
|
|
|
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone |
hormone produced by basophilic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that exerts a reciprocal regulating influence on the production of corticosteroids by the adrenal cortex |
|
|
|
Actinomyces israelii |
A normally occurring oral bacteria that aggressively causes infection when oral health is compromised |
|
|
|
actinomyces naeslundii |
A specific strain of bacteria resident in open sores in the mouth |
|
|
|
Actinomycetemocomitans |
A micro organism found in and considered responsible for some periodontal infections |
|
|
|
Actinomycetes |
Filamentous micro organisms that have been implicated in the formation of dental calculus and serve as a mode of attachment of dental calculus to the tooth surface |
|
|
|
Actinomycosis |
In infection of humans and some animal species caused by the species of actinomyces which are gram-positive filamentous microaerophilic microorganisms |
|
|
|
Action potential |
And electric impulse consisting of a self propagating series of polarization and depolarizations transmitted across the cell membrane of a nerve fiber during the transmission of a nerve impulse across the cell membrane’s of a muscle cell during contraction |
|
|
|
Activate |
To adjust an appliance so that it will exert effective force on the teeth and jaws |
|
|
|
Activator |
An alkali sodium carbonate which is a component of photographic developing solution that softens and swells the gelatin of the film emulsion and provides the necessary alkaline medium for the developing agents to react with the sensitized silver Halide crystals A removable orthodontic appliance intended to function as a passive transmitter and sometimes stimulator of the forces of the Perioral muscles |
|
|
|
Practice acts |
The statutory requirements of a sovereign state for the education training examination credentialing supervision and accountability of a wide range of healthcare providers including dental hygienist |
|
|
|
Acuity |
Sharpness; clearness; keenness |
|
|
|
Auditory acuity |
The sensitivity of the auditory apparatus; sharpness of hearing |
|
|
|
Visual acuity |
Sharpness acuteness clearness of vision |
|
|
|
Acupuncture |
A method of producing analgesia or altering the function of a system of the body by inserting fine wire thin needles into the skin at specific sites on the body along a series of lines or channels called Meridians |
|
|
|
Acute |
Pertaining to a Trumatic pathological or physiological phenomenon or process having a short and relatively severe course |
|
|
|
Acute phase reactions |
Abnormalities in the blood associated with acute and chronic inflammation and necrotic processes and detected by a variety of tests |
|
|
|
Acyclovir |
An antiviral drug active against herpes viruses |
|
|
|
ADA |
American dental Association the national professional organization for dentists in the United States |
|
|
|
Adams clasp |
A retention class designed by see Philip Adams to stabilize removable appliances by engaging the mesiobuccal and Distiobuccal surfaces of buccal teeth |
|
|
|
Adaptation |
An alteration that an organ or organism undergoes to adjust to its environment |
|
|
|
Instrument adaptation |
The process of manually adjusting and positioning the functional and edge or surface of a dental instrument for safe and effective use according to its purpose and relative to the shape of the tooth |
|
|
|
Band Adapter |
An instrument used as an aid in fitting an orthodontic band to a tooth |
|
|
|
Adaptive functioning |
The relative ability of a person to effectively interact with society on all levels and care for oneself |
|
|
|
Addict |
An individual who has developed physiological or psychological dependence on a chemical such as alcohol or other drugs |
|
|
|
Addiction |
The state of being addicted |
|
|
|
Addictive |
Pertaining to a drug who’s repeated use may produce addiction |
|
|
|
Additive |
And ingredient add it to a food drug or other preparation to produce a desired result such as color or consistency unrelated to the primary purpose of the preparation |
|
|
|
Adduct |
To draw toward the center or midline |
|
|
|
Adduction |
The process of bringing two objects toward each other |
|
|
|
Adenine |
A component of the nucleic acid’s DNA and RNA and a conSTITUENT of cyclic AMP and the artist singing portion of AMP and DMP and ATP |
|
|
|
Adenitis |
Inflammation of glandular tissue often accompanied by pain |
|
|
|
Adenosmeloblastoma |
epithelial Neoplasm with a basic structure resembling enamel organs and gladular tissue |
|
|
|
Adenocarcinoma |
Any one of a large group of malignant epithelial CellCell tumors of the glands |
|
|
|
Acinar cell Adenocarcinoma |
A malignant tumor whose cells appear as glandular tissue |
|
|
|
Adenoid |
Having a glandular appearance particularly lymphoid |
|
|
|
Adenoid facies |
In archaic term used to describe patients who exhibit a long narrow face short upper lip open mouth breathing and hyperactive swallowing pattern |
|
|
|
Adenoidectomy |
The removal of the lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx usually in conjunction with the surgical removal of the tonsils |
|
|
|
Adenoma |
A benign epithelial neoplasm or tumor with a basic glandular structure |
|
|
|
Adenomatosis orsis |
Enlargement of the mucous glands of the lip without secretion or inflammation |
|
|
|
Adenopathy |
Enlargement or increase in size of glandular organs or tissues usually resulting from disease processes |
|
|
|
Adenosine |
A compound derived from nucleic acid composed of adenine and a sugar D-ribose |
|
