Demo 9

Front 1

Chordata characteristics

Back 1

-pharyngeal gills
-notochord
-dorsal,tubular nerve chord
-endostyle
-post anal tail

Front 2

Urochordata (Tunicates)

Back 2

-most benthic (live on bottom water) but some pelagic (live on open sea)
-use pharyngeal basket to filter water
-tadpole larva possess all chordate characteristic

Front 3

Cephalochordata (Lancelets)

Back 3

-bury themselves underwater
-pharangeal baskets

Front 4

Vertebrata

Back 4

-fishes (6) and tetrapods (3 terrestrial)
-presence neural crest tissue derived from ectoderm. forms most of brain (cephalization) "new head" (all)
-vertebral coumn. replaces notochord (not lampreys)
-2 pair appendages (nt lamprey +hagfish)
-bone
-circulatory system

Front 5

Jawless fish (hagfish + lamprey)

Back 5

-touch skin w/o appendages
-no appendeges, still have notochord

Front 6

Jawed fish (cartilaginous and bony)

Back 6

modification of skeleton rod in gill slits, considered greatest advance vertebrae

Front 7

Cartilaginous fish (chondrichthyes)

Back 7

-composed of cartilage, have no bone
-sharks and rays
-internal fertilization
-tooth like denticles

Front 8

Bony Fish (ray finned, lobe finned)

Back 8

-ray finned have swim bladders from lungs. unjointed appendages.
-lung/lobefish have gills and lungs. characteristic of tetrapods.

Front 9

Transition to land (amniotes/tetrapods)

Back 9

-skin, protect from dessication
-lungs-manage gas exchange.
-claws/nails
-internal fertilization
-amniotic egg. shell+membranes allow prevent dessication+gas exchange
-kidney-excrete waste, recycle water
-air breahting young.
-endothermy-regulate body temp
-hair, feather
-parenteal care

Front 10

amphibians

Back 10

-first to reach land
-frog, salamander, toad,caecilians
-mucous glands keep skin moist and cutaneous gas exchange
-ectothermic-source of body heat external
-poikilothermic-have body temp vary w/ external environment
-jelly like eggs that allow dessication

Front 11

amniotes (reptile, bird, mammal)
v
anamniote (fish+amphibian)

Back 11

-four embryonic emembranes that protect embryo in fluid

Front 12

Reptiles (turtle, snake, lizard, alligator)

Back 12

-keratin in scales prevent water loss. waterproof skin
-efficient excretory system to retain water
-claws and nails
-internal fertilization

Front 13

birds

Back 13

-homeothermic endotherms - heat maintained internally
-hollow bone w/ support, reduction of bones, wing, feather)
-hard eggs

Front 14

Mammals

Back 14

-hair
-endothermic
-mammary glands produce milk
-heterodont dentition-teeth have different function +shape

Front 15

Three type mammals
seperated by reproduction

Back 15

-monotremes- echidnas +platypus. amniotic eggs but suckle w/ mammary glands
-marsupials- birth to altrical (underdeveloped) young. complete development in pouch.
-placentals-placenta