Dat Classification/taxonomy

Front 1

who came up with the system of binomial nomenclature?

Back 1

linnaeus

Front 2

list the 7 taxa from most general to specific

Back 2

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Front 3

what two names are all organisms assigned?

Back 3

genus and species

ex: humans are "homo sapiens"

Front 4

what is the most common classification system today, that is based on DNA analysis?

Back 4

the 3-domain system
-bacteria
-archaea
-eukarya

Front 5

what are the classifications in the outdated 5-domain classification system?

Back 5

-Monera
-Protista
-Fungi
-Plantae
-Animalia

Front 6

**what are the notable changes between the 5-domain and more current 3 domain classifaction systems?**

Back 6

the prokaryotic domain of "monera" is split into 'bacteria' and 'archaea' while protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia are grouped under 'eukarya'

resulting in a downsize from 5 to 3 domains

Front 7

what do the domain bacteria and archaea have in common?

Back 7

both prokaryotic -no internal membranes

both single-celled

Front 8

which domain constitutes extremeophiles?

Back 8

archaea (or.. formerly, monera)

Front 9

do archaea and bacteria both have cell walls that contain peptidoglycan?

Back 9

no, bacteria does contain it, archaea does not

Front 10

do eukarya have peptidoglycan in cell wall?

Back 10

no, only bacteria do

Front 11

what is 'protista'

Back 11

a kingdom under the eukarya domain

Front 12

does the kingdom protista include heterotrophs or autotrophs?

Back 12

both

Front 13

are fungi heterotrophs or autotrophs?

Back 13

heterotrophs! they are NONphotosynthetic

Front 14

what two kingdom of eukarya contain heterotrophs? what contains autotroph? what contains both?

Back 14

plantae = autotroph
protista = both
animalia = heterotroph
fungi = heterotroph

Front 15

it is obvious what falls into the animal, plant and fungi kingdoms, but what falls into the protist kingdom?

Back 15

single and primitive multicellular organisms that do not fit in the plant or fungi kingdom

Ex: seaweed, slimemold, amoeba, paramecium, and euglena.

Front 16

how many phyla are in the animalia kingdom?

Back 16

35

Front 17

is the animalia kingdom monophyletic? what does that mean?

Back 17

yes, it means all animal lineages can be traced back to one common ancestor

Front 18

how do amoeba, paramecium and euglena move respectively?

Back 18

amoeba = pseudopods
paramecium = cilia
eugelena = flagella

Front 19

*how do cilia and flagella move?

Back 19

microtubules

Front 20

*how do pseudopods move?

Back 20

microfilaments

Front 21

are viruses considered living?

Back 21

no, because they cannot function outside of a host cell

Front 22

what is cyanobacteria?

Back 22

blue-green algae classified under the 'bacteria' domain

contain photosynthetic pigments

Front 23

can bacteria be photosynthetic?

Back 23

YES

ex: cyanobacteria

Front 24

what is the phlya porifera? what are some characteristics?

Back 24

sponges:

-sessile
-have pores
-2 cell layers
-asexual and hermaphroditic reproduction
-no symmetry

Front 25

what is the phyla cnidarian? what are some characteristics?

Back 25

hydra and jellyfish:

-radial sym.
-asexual and sexual reproduction
-stinging cells! cnidocytes!
-gastrovascular cavity
-2 cell layers

Front 26

what is the phyla platyhelminthes? characteristics?

Back 26

flatworms:

- 3 full cell layers (ecto, endo & meso)
-no coelom
-only one opening (mouth/anus)

Front 27

what is the simplest animal with bilateral sym?

Back 27

flatworm (platyhelminthes)

Front 28

what is the phlya nematoda?

Back 28

roundworms

-have pseudocoelom
-often parasitic

Front 29

what is the phyla annelida?

Back 29

segmented worms:

-tube w/in a tube digestion
-closed circulatory system
-hermaphrodites

Front 30

what is the phyla mollusca?

Back 30

slugs, octopus, squid, clams, snails:

- have head-foot (sensory & motor organs)
-soft bodies but some secrete calcium carbonate shells

Front 31

what is the phyla arthropoda?

Back 31

insects, spiders, crustaceans (crabs, shrimp)

-jointed appendages
-segemented (head, thorax, ab)
-open circulatory system

Front 32

what is the phyla echinodermata?

Back 32

star fish, sea urchins

Front 33

what is the phlya chordata?

Back 33

fish, reptiles, birds, mammals

Front 34

which phylum has a pseudocoelom?

Back 34

nematoda

Front 35

which phyla are deuterostomes?

Back 35

echinodermata & chordata

Front 36

which phylums only have 2 germ cell layers?

Back 36

porifera and cnidaria

Front 37

what are chordates characterized by?

Back 37

notochord

Front 38

what's a monetreme?

Back 38

mammal that lays leathery eggs and has mammary glands with no nipples. ex: duckbilled platypus

Front 39

what is the coelom?

Back 39

fluid-filled body cavity, arrises from mesoderm

Front 40

in protosomes, what does the blastopore become?

Back 40

the mouth

Front 41

in dueterosomes, what does the blastopore become?

Back 41

the anus

Front 42

what phyla have only 2 germ layers?

Back 42

porifera and cnideria

(have ectoderm and endoderm and mesoglea)

Front 43

which phyla are acoelmates? what does that mean?

Back 43

no coelom

porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes

Front 44

which phyla are psuedocoelomates?

Back 44

nematoda

hydrostatic skeleton.

Front 45

what are fungi cell wall made of?

Back 45

chitin