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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the cardiothoracic (CT) ratio?
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A rough estimate of cardiac enlargement as judged from the PA view of the chest.
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How is the cardiothoracic (CT) ratio determined?
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Greatest transverse dimension of the heart is compared to the greatest transverse dimension of the chest.
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During what part of respiration should the CT ratio be obtained?
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end of deep inspiration
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What is the normal CT ratio?
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less than 50%
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A change in the transverse diameter of the heart greater than ___ cm is considered significant over time
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2
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On lateral film, the _______ is represented by the anterior heart border
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Right ventricle
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What things can cause right atrial enlargement?
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ASD; tricuspid stenosis and insufficiency; RV failure
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What is the most helpful film in determining RV enlargement?
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lateral film
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What is the most common finding of RV enlargement on lateral film?
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Increase in soft tissue density in retrosternal clear space. LV may be displaced posteriorly.
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Most common cause of left atrial enlargement
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rheumatic valvular disease
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What is seen on frontal view in LA enlargement?
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See the normal depression becoming a straightening of even a convexity.
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What is the main radiologic finding in LV enlargement?
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cardiac apex looks more rounded. There is lengthening of the L cardiac contour with apex projecting more inferiorly over the dome of the hemidiaphragm
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When are atherosclerotic changes seen on xray?
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ONLY when calcium is deposited in the plaque.
Among most common sites are aortic knob, portions of aorta. |
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What does seeing coronary artery calcification on chest film mean?
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strong indication of coronary artery disease
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age-related changes in skeleton seen on xray
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kyphosis; osteoporosis; costochondral calcification
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What is one of the early findings on chest film in CHF?
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increased prominence to the upper lobe vessels of the lungs.
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What is peribronchial cuffing?
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radiographic sign which occurs when excess fluid or mucus buildup in the small airway passages of the lung causes localized patches of atelectasis (lung collapse). [1] This causes the area around the bronchus to appear more prominent on an xray.
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Wat are Kerley lines?
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Unique thin white bands that occur that represent fluid in the interlobular septae.
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Aneurysms that extend over the length of the aorta
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fusiform
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Aneurysms that are more focal and rounded
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saccular
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What is the best way to detect an AAA when suspected?
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ultrasound. ALso an ideal way to follow a patient with known AAA for increases in size of the aneurysm.
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What is an advantage of CT over ultrasound?
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Ability to assess the tissue around the AAA. When the AAA ruptures, the density of the tissue changes as blood enters it.
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