Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Damage to the brain is described in what three ways?
|
focal
diffuse multifocal |
|
|
What is the most common cause of focal damage to the brain?
|
vascular disease
|
|
|
What is CVA short for?
|
cerebrovascular accident or stroke
|
|
|
What is complete or partial blockage of the arteries that carry blood to the brain. The occlusion can happen through thrombosis, embolism, or TIA?
|
Ischemic Stroke
|
|
|
What is caused by an arterial bleed and blood forces its way into the tissue, therefore, destroying it?
|
Hemorrhagic Stroke
|
|
|
What are the four subtypes of hemorrhagic stroke?
|
aneurysm
hemorrhage hematoma AVM (arteriovenous malformation) |
|
|
Which hemisphere of the brain is responsible for holistic and visuospatial processing?
|
right
|
|
|
Which hemisphere of the brain is responsible for the recognition of printed words, but can't decode?
|
right
|
|
|
Which hemisphere of the brain is responsible for comprehension and production of speech prosody and affect, metaphorical language and semantics, environmental sounds, such as nonspeech sounds, music, melodies, tones, and laughter?
|
right
|
|
|
Which hemisphere of the brain is responsible for receptive and expressive language, math calculations, logical reasoning, and step-by-step processing?
|
left
|
|
|
Which hemisphere of the brain perceives rapidly changing sequential info and controls speech and nonspeech related oral movements?
|
left
|
|
|
What is a breakdown in the ability to formulate (speak/form the message verbally), or to retrieve (create the message), and to decode (comprehend) the arbitrary symbols of language?
|
aphasia
|
|
|
Which type of aphasia results from damage to anterior cortical regions (i.e. frontal lobe lesions)?
|
nonfluent
|
|
|
What type of aphasia results from damage to the posterior regions of the cortex (i.e. temporal or temporal-parietal lesions)?
|
fluent
|
|
|
List the three types of nonfluent aphasia.
|
broca
transcortical motor global |
|
|
list the four types of fluent aphasia.
|
wernicke
anomia conduction transcortical sensory |
|
|
Besides fluent and nonfluent, what is another way to classify aphasia?
|
expressive/receptive
|
|
|
What is an insult to the brain, not of the degenerative or congenital nature, but caused by an external force, that may produce a diminished or altered state of consciousness?
|
traumatic brain injury
|
|
|
What causes primary damage to the brain?
|
impact to the head
|
|
|
What causes secondary damage to the brain?
|
hemorrhage
hematomas cerebral edema increased intracranial pressure infarction anoxia/hypoxia |
|
|
Penetrating injuries are also referred to as what?
|
open-head
|
|
|
Non-penetrating injuries are also referred to as what?
|
closed-head
|
|
|
What are some typical consequences of TBI?
|
coma
cognitive (orientation, attention, memory, problem-solving, reasoning, exec function) language disturbances (aphasia, pragmatics, cognitive-communicative impairments) motor/speech disturbances (dysarthria, mutism, dysphagia) |
|
|
When would confused language be seen after a TBI?
|
in early stages of recovery and then it resolves
|
|
|
How many people have aphasia due to TBI?
|
2-50%
|
|
|
What is a tell tale sign of someone with TBI?
|
issues with pragmatics
|
|
|
Dysphagia may co-exist with TBI due to what?
|
CNS or PNS damage
|
|
|
What areas are SLPs responsible for in treating TBI patients?
|
hearing
spoken/written lang cognitive comm speech production functional abilities assessment/treatment of swallowing |
|
|
In early stages of TBI, what must the SLP rely on in regards to assessment?
|
observation - early stage patients will not be able to participate in a standardized test
|
|
|
During what stage of TBI does the SLP assume the role of analyzing the effects that impaired processes have on performance in daily life activities and communication?
|
later stages
|
|
|
When is the use of standardized tests for TBI patients most appropriate?
|
later stages
|
