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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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process |
A program in execution. Requires resources to accomplish its tasks (CPU, RAM, flies, I/O, etc). |
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text section |
The program code that makes up a process. |
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program counter |
a register in computer processor that contains the address (location) of the instruction being executed at the current time. |
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(process) stack |
A data structure which contains temporary data (such as function params, return addresses, and local variables) |
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data section |
contains global variables for the process |
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heap |
memory that is dynamically allocated during process run time. Useful for variables whose size cannot be determined at compile time. |
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Difference between program and process |
A program is (like an exe file) a passive entity, whereas a process is an active entity (with a program counter specifying the next instruction to execute and a set of associated resources). A program becomes a process when it is loaded into memory |
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process state |
Current activity of that process. Arbitrary examples: New, Running, Waiting (for I/O?), Ready (to be assigned to a processor), Terminated (process has finished). |
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Process control block (PCB) |
contain process state, program counter, process number, CPU registers, CPU-scheduling info, and memory management information, accounting information, I/O status info
in short, a repository for any information that may vary from process to process |
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thread |
the execution of instructions by a process |
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process scheduling |
selecting available processes for execution on the CPU. The goal is to switch between processes often enough that the user can interact with them smoothly. |
