Cs Muscle Tissue Schmidt Chptr 10

Front 1

3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE

Back 1

SKELETAL
SMOOTH
CARDIAC

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SKELETAL MUSCLE FUNCTIONS (6)

Back 2

-PRODUCE SKELETAL MOVEMENT
-MAINTAIN POSTURE AND BODY POSITION
-SUPPORT SOFT TISSUE
-GUARD ENTRANCES AND EXITS
-MAINTAIN BODY TEMPERATURE
-STORE NUTRIENTS

Front 3

LAYERS OF MUSCLE (3)

Back 3

-EPIMYSIUM
-PERIMYSIUM
-ENDOMYSIUM

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EPIMYSIUM

Back 4

OUTERMOST LAYER OF DENSE COLLAGEN FIBERS THAT ENCASES THE WHOLE MUSCLE

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PERIMYSIUM

Back 5

CONNECTIVE TISSUE FIBERS THAT DIVIDE THE SKELETAL MUSCLE INTO SERIES OF CPMPARTMENTS, EACH CONTAINING A BUNDLE OF FIBERS

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ENDOMYSIUM

Back 6

SURROUNDS EACH INDIVIDUAL MUSCLE CELL

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TENDON

Back 7

AT THE TERMINAL ENDS OF THE MUSCLE THE PERIMYSIUM AND THE ENDOMYSIUM COMBINE TO FORM THE TENDON OR APONEROUSIS( A FLAT BAND OF TISSUE LIKE A TENDON)

Front 8

CHARACTERISTICS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE

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-MULTI NUCLIATED
-STRIATED
-RUN IN PARALLEL

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COMPONTENTS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE

Back 9

-SARCOLEMMA
-TRANSVERSE TUBULES(T-TUBULES)
-MYOFIBRILS (THIN AND THICK FILAMENTS)
-SARCOMERES

Front 10

SARCOLEMA

Back 10

IS THE PLASMA MEMBRANE OF THE INDIVIDUAL MUSCLE FIBER

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TRANSVERSE TUBULES

Back 11

T-TUBE IS A INVAGINATION(FOLDS INWARD) OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE FOUND IN SKELETAL AND CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLS. THESE INVAGINATIONS ALLOW DEPOLORIZATION OF THE MEMBRANE TO QUICKLY PENETRATE TO THE INTERIOR OF THE CELL.

Front 12

TRANSVERSE TUBULES (CONT)

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T0TUBULES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING THE IMPULSE DOWN THE MUSCLE CELL FOR RAPID CONTRACTION THROUGHOUT THE MUSCLE CELL.

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MYOFIBRILS

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-LIE INSIDE THE MUSCLE FIBER ITSELF
-MYOFIBRILS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR MUSCLULAR CONTRACTION
-EACH MUSCLE FIBER CONTAINS HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF MYOFIBRILS
----THIN FILAMENTS = ACTIN
----THICK FILAMENTS = MYOSIN

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SACROMERES

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-ARE REPEATING SEGMENTS OF THICK AND THIN FILAMENTS THAT RUN ALONG INSIDE OF THE MYOFIBRIL
-RUN FROM Z LINE TO Z LINE

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SKELETAL MUSCLE AND RELATED COMPONENTS

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SKELATAL MUSCLE IS CONSIDERED TO BE PRIMARILY VOLUNTARY, HOWEVER IN THE CASE OF THE DIAPHRAM(MUSCLE INVOLVED IN RESPIRATION) THE CONTROLLING FACTORS ARE PRODUCED FROM THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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STEPS OF EXCITATION

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-CALCIUM IS RELEASED FROM THE SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM
-CALCIUM THEN TRIGGERS INTERATION BETWEEN THICK AND THIN FILAMENTS
-TENSION IS THEN PRODUCED AND MOVEMENTS IS CREATED

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TYPES OF MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS

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-ISOMETRIC- NO LENGHT CHANGE
-ISOTONIC-THERE IS LENGTH CHANGE IN THE MUSCLE
--ECCENTRIC-LENGTHENING
--CONCENTRIC- SHORTENING
-ISOKINETIC- TYPE OF CONTRACTION WHERE THE SPEED OF MOVEMENT IS FIXED AND RESISTANCE VARIES WITH THE FORCE EXERTED.

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ENERGY SOURCES

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-CREATINE PHOSPHATE
-AEROBIC METABOLISM
-GLYCOLYSIS

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CREATINE PHOSPHATE

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-IS A PHOSPHORYLATED CREATINE MOLECULE THAT IS AN IMORTANT ENERGY STORE IN SKELETAL MUSCLE. IT IS USED TO ANAEROBICALLY(WITHOUT OXYGEN) GENERATE ATP FROM ADP FORMING CREATINE FOR THE 2-7 SECONDS FOLLOWING AN INTENSE EFFORT
-VERY SHORT LIVED