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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Uncontrollable risk factors for cardiovascular disease
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age
heredity race sex |
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Modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease
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cigarette smoking
high blood cholesterol HTN Lack of physical activity Obesity / Excess weight DM |
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Contributing risk factors for cardiovascular disease
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Stress response
Sex hormones Birth control pills Excessive alcohol intake Homocysteine levels (elevated levels have been associated with CV disease) |
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-Slip and slide-
Pericardium |
A thin sac which protects the heart, has an inner, or visceral, layer that forms the epicardium and an outer or parietal layer. The space between the layers contain 10-30 ml of serous fluid, which prevents friction between the layers as the heart pumps
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-Chamber made-
Four chambers of the heart |
There are 2 atria and 2 venticles seperated by a cardiac septum. The atria have thin walls and serve as reservoirs for blood and also boost the amount of blood moving into the lower ventricles, which fill primarily by gravity.
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-Where there's no air-
Vessels which return deoxygenated venous blood to the right atrium. |
1) superior vena cava- returns blood from the upper body
2) inferior vena cava- returns blood from the lower body 3) coronary sinus- returning blood from the heart muscle |
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-Matching sets-
The 2 sets of valves |
1) atrioventricular (between the atria and ventricles) tricuspid vavle (Right)
bicuspid or mitral (Left) 2) Semilunar aortic (L ventricle and aorta) pulmonic (R ventricle and pulmonary) |
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-On the cusp_
Cusps of each valve |
Cusps (leaflets) are anchored to the heart wall by cords of fibrous tissue (cordea tendineae). The cusps of the vavles act to maintain tight closure. The tricuspid valve has 3 cusps. The mitral or bicuspid valve has 2 cusps. Each of the semilunar valves has 3 cusps.
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Coronary Ostium
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An opening in the aorta above the aortic valve. It feeds blood to the coronary arteries.
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Ostium action
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When the left ventricle is pumping blood through the aorta, the aortic valve is open and the coronary ostium is partly covered. When the left ventricle is filling with blood, the aortic valve is closed and the coronary ostium is open, enabling blood to fill the coronary arteries
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